Measles-Lyophilized Second dose
16-24 months
First dose at age 10 and second dose at age 16
TT
Japanese encephelitis First Dose
9-12 months
Japanese encephalitis second dose
16-24 months
How do we make traditional vaccines?
Cell culture-Dead or alive-Purification
The organism may be treated with phenol or formaldehyde or heat to kill it or It is genetically altered to keep it alive
Dead or alive
The organism is grown in a suitable broth medium in a controlled environment
Cell culture
The organism is separated from the broth or solvent via centrifugation and is suspended in NSS injection
Purification
Genetically engineered vaccine
Surface capsid protein that provoke an
immune response
Extract (blank) from virus
DNA
Sequence and identify (blank) gene
target
Clone the target gene into a plasmid vector for (blank)
protein expression
Transform cloned gene into (blank)
yeast cells
Induce (blank) in yeast and scale up (blank)
protein expression
Isolate and purify a large quantity of (blank)
Hepatitis B surface proteins
Formulate vaccine and produce (blank)
hepatitis B virus vaccine
Pfizer/comirnaty
mRNA
&J/Janssen
Viral vector (nonreplicating)
Oxford-Aztrazeneca
Viral vector (nonreplicating)
Moderna
mRNA