400 questions in English Grammar

338

365. Most energy from an earthquake 

radiates

 out from the epicenter

in the form of seismic waves.
A) explodes

B) devastates

C) spreads

D) reverts

E) reflects

366. Fear of pirate 

raids

 caused some countries to fortify their coastline.

A) invasion

B) ships

C) arms

D) investigations

E) quests

367. The people they interview for the survey are selected 

randomly

.

A) carefully

B) carelessly

C) indiscriminately

D) thoughtfully

E) rashly

368. A sense of taste is triggered when the tongue touches a wide 

range

of chemical substances.
A) chain

B) span

C) series

D) variety

E) sort

369. Economic profit 

ranks

 as a chief reason for a nation to seek foreign

territories.
A) is classified

B) outweighs

C) describes

D) achieves

E) is depicted

370. His works 

rank

 among the most significant studies of the twentieth

century.
A) share

B) establish

C) stand

D) conceal

E) are exhibited

371. In the history of the New York Stock exchange, 1929 must be 

rated

as the most shattering year.
A) condemned

B) quoted

C) ranked

D) impugned

E) calculate

372. The indecisive man was 

readily

 persuaded to change his mind again.

A) easily

B) hardly

C) subtly

D) abruptly

E) punctually

373. What a 

red letter

 day it was! Five victories in five events!

A) colorful

B) forgettable

C) neon

D) memorable

E) marvelous

374. The dog started barking at his 

reflection

 in the pool.

A) image

B) bone

C) imagination

D) leash

E) caption

375. The boys were 

refused

 admission to the cocktail party for not wearing

formal clothes
A) granted

B) denied

C) acquiesced

D) appealed

E) pestered

376. He is generally 

regarded

 as the founder of the Green Peace

Organization.
A) condemned

B) punished

C) concerned

D) viewed

E) respected

377. Pain is 

relayed

 to the brain through the nervous system in the form

of electrical impulses.
A) devoted

B) carried

C) compared

D) accustomed

E) provided

378. Everybody should read periodicals which are 

related

 to his profession.

A) appropriate

B) apparent

C) perceptive

D) discriminating

E) exceptional

379. Before the 1700s, most European cities 

relied on

 pamphlets,

handwritten newsletters, and town criers for news.
A) focused on

B) scanned

C) depended on

D) browsed through

E) tangled with

380. Kurt Cobain, 

renowned

 member of the world famous rock group,

Nirvana, committed a suicide in April, 1994.
A) obscure

B) famous

C) anonymous

D) unrecognized

E) impotent

381. A virus is a lifeless particle that cannot 

reproduce

 outside a living

cell.
A) redistribute

B) function

C) reactivate

D) multiply

E) survive

382. Distinguishing between two forms of science is important. Pure

science involves 

research

 while applied science involves technology.

A) skills

B) theory

C) investigation

D) chemistry

E) concern

383. The ancient people generally represented gold with a solar symbol

thinking that it 

resembled

 the sun.

A) derived from

B) introduced

C) reflected

D) symbolized

E) looked like

384. Having lost all his investment in his new business, he 

resolved

 to

act more wisely in the future.
A) promised

B) hoped

C) consented

D) decided

E) renounced

385. Scientists have found Surprising evidence of a 

response

 in plants to

physical abuse.
A) reaction

B) warning signal

C) disposition

D) trigger mechanism

E) movement

386. Students must 

restrain

 their urge to talk during the lectures.

A) impel

B) spur

C) encourage

D) limit

E) stimulate

387. The world recession and conservation measures are expected to

restrict

 demand for oil.

A) inquire

B) involve

C) spread

D) affect

E) curb

388. After a long lunch hour, business 

resumes 

as usual.

A) responds

B) delay

C) continues

D) resurfaces

E) assume

389. At the battle of Gallipoly, the British forces had to 

retreat 

in the face

of Turkish offensive.
A) attack

B) pursue

C) withdraw

D) intercept

E) move fast

390. The reporter promised not to 

reveal 

any of the information he got.

A) recall

B) divulge

C) retrain

D) redirect

E) revere

391. Property taxes are assessed on homes as a source of 

revenue

.

A) funds

B) collection

C) readjustment

D) bonus

E) donation

392. The political leader was 

revered

 by the people of his country.

A) loved

B) feared

C) distrusted

D) abandoned

E) surpassed

393. Deciding that the terrible accident was largely due to his reckless

driving, the police 

revoked

 his drivers license.

A) reconsidered

B) exorcised

C) canceled

D) investigated

E) examined

394. It is believed that the 

ritual

 of bedtime stories can stimulate a child’s

imagination
A) rite

B) ceremony

C) formality

D) custom

E) recital

395. The 

rivalry

 between the two construction companies was obvious

since it had led to more affordable house prices.
A) competition

B) cooperation

C) compromise

D) campaign

E) enmity

396. While on vacation, the group of boys 

roamed

 the countryside on

their bikes.
A) rounded

B) rocked

C) wandered

D) rustled

E) inhabited

397. Agriculture, one of the world’s oldest industries, has its 

roots

 in

Anatolia.
A) origin

B) problems

C) growth

D) development

E) seeds

398. It takes 

roughly

 4000 pounds of petals to make a single pound of

rose oil.
A) as much as

B) amazingly

C) more or less

D) relatively

E) at least

399. The chairman did not 

rule out

 the possibility of an agreement

however remote it sounded.
A) promise

B) reject

C) accept

D) forestall

E) command

400. Most people would agree that life in 

rural

 areas is always peaceful.

A) urban

B) country

C) citified

D) plausible

E) arid

401. As  the minute hand approaches the hour, hordes of students

throughout the campus 

rush

 towards gates.

A) move

B) scatter

C) hurry

D) ascend

E) march

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Book 2 Part E

339

402. Savage enemy swept across the region and 

ruthlessly

 killed

everybody in their way.
A) without stopping

B) without weapons

C) without pity

D) without warning

E) without purpose

403. Mr. Simon’s treatment of his employees is 

ruthless

.

A) rash

B) without mercy

C) rational

D) liberal

E) sluggish

404. The ancient Egyptians viewed cats as 

sacred

 and honored them in

art forms.
A) holy

B) pure

C) intact

D) haughty

E) wicked

405. Immigrants have always been prepared to work hard and in appalling

conditions for the 

sake 

of their descendants.

A) benefit

B) health

C) property

D) entertainment

E) recognition

406. The attempt made to 

salvage

 the ship and its contents was

unsuccessful.
A) stalk

B) surface

C) sink

D) submerge

E) save

407. His understanding of basic mathematics puts advanced physics

beyond his 

scope

.

A) memory

B) telescope

C) view

D) hollow

E) range

408. Backed by the full faith and credit of the French government, savings

bonds are considered to be 

secure

 investments.

A) dependable

B) unreliable

C) affluent

D) hazardous

E) tricky

409. Computer firms are 

seeking 

ways of cramming more bits of

information onto tiny silicon chips.
A) finding

B) looking for

C) staking out

D) revealing

E) propelling

410. Martin Luther King fought to put an end to 

segregation 

in the United

States.
A) integration

B) education

C) separation

D) torture

E) desertion

411. Scott 

seized

 the opportunity to present his proposal to the director

A) realized

B) grasped

C) rendered

D) delivered

E) manifested

412. Though it can 

sense 

the slightest touch anywhere on the body, the

brain itself is insensitive to pain.
A) intellectualize

B) reveal

C) sensualize

D) feel

E) seize

413. That house on the hill has a mysterious air of 

serenity

 about it.

A) melancholy

B) joy

C) sadness

D) calmness

E) calamity

414. That big house surrounded with great trees had 

served 

as a hospital

during the war.
A) functioned

B) exerted

C) moaned

D) reconciled

E) placated

415. An important population 

shift 

in Turkey during the second half of

the 20th century has been from rural to urban areas.
A) rotation

B) explosion

C) movement

D) transition

E) alteration

416. The Caspian Sea has been 

shrinking 

over the years due to a number

of negative factors.
A) receding

B) migrating

C) expanding

D) revitalizing

E) evaporating

417. It is no 

simple 

matter for chimpanzees accustomed to living with

human beings to return to the wild.
A) foolish

B) easy

C) common

D) unique

E) unusual

418. it is generally believed that child-care centers should be 

situated

on the ground floor of a building.
A) barricaded

B) destroyed

C) synchronized

D) concocted

E) founded

419. None of the members of the cabinet is 

skeptical 

about the success

of the economic measures of April 5.
A) confident

B) anxious

C) indifferent

D) doubtful

E) informed

420. Prices 

skyrocket 

when there is severe shortage of any product.

A) tower

B) slow

C) fall

D) soar

E) decrease

421. The university students are starting a campaign against the hunters

slaughtering

 the baby seals mercilessly.

A) netting

B) capturing

C) killing

D) skinning

E) surviving

422.

Soaring 

rates of interest have recently made it difficult for young

couples to buy their own homes.
A) rapidly rising

B) very expensive

C) slowly rising

D) extremely painful

E) erroneous

423. It is a pity that we often forget the invaluable adage that a 

soft

response frequently turns away wrath.
A) pleasant

B) loud

C) impolite

D) angry

E) odious

424. Mrs. Dylan’s 

sole 

objective is to open a small bakery, where she

will bake and sell home made cakes, cookies and pies.
A) only

B) principal

C) important

D) foul

E) immediate

425. It was 

sound 

advice but the researchers paid little attention to it.

A) good

B) sensitive

C) noisy

D) disruptive

E) vital

426. Mr. Cater’s new 

spacious 

new office overlooking the city gives him

ample space to do things.
A) quiet

B) colorful

C) roomy

D) comfortable

E) lucrative

427. Life expectancy is the measure of the average life 

span 

of a particular

group of people.
A) age

B) range

C) condition

D) mortality

E) trait

428. BBC has a program called “Sesame Street”, which is designed

specifically 

for young children.

A) distinctly

B) individually

C) completely

D) artistically

E) specially

429. Accidental oil 

spills

 due to a number of causes are a major source

of pollution of the earth’s oceans.
A) barters

B) shortages

C) transactions

D) misfortunes

E) releases

430. Niacin is one of the most 

stable 

of all vitamins

A) vacillating

B) fluctuating

C) secure

D) tenuous

E) dazzling

431. At the end of the race my 

stamina

 gave out and I lost the race.

A) vision

B) decision

C) determination

D) vigor

E) imagination

432. The basketball game 

started 

at 4:00 p.m.

A) transpired

B) commenced

C) ended

D) continued

E) was postponed

433. The professor tried to 

stimulate 

interest in archaeology by taking

his students on expeditions.
A) oppress

B) fake

C) encourage

D) diminish

E) subdue

434. When he was challenged, the salesman 

stood up 

for his product.

A) defended

B) sold

C) spoke of

D) fought

E) imported

435. Learning how to relax is the best 

strategy 

for avoiding stress.

A) tactic

B) jeopardy

C) segment

D) plateau

E) purpose

436. A kite is a light wooden framework over which paper or cloth is

stretched

.

A) confined

B) pulled

C) wrapped

D) contracted

E) fused

437. Everybody was 

stunned 

by the election news; nobody had expected

Prosperity Party to do so well.
A) elated

B) excited

C) deserted

D) delighted

E) astounded

438. Sonar devices can determine the location of 

submerged 

objects

through echoes.
A) lost

B) joined

C) irregular

D) underwater

E) buried

Book 2 Part E

Wordpower

340

439. Carol, who used to be quite 

submissive

, suddenly turned rebellious

for reasons unknown to us.
A) sullen

B) conscientious

C) permissive

D) timid

E) obedient

440.

Subsequent 

events proved the old politician to be right.

A) Few

B) Later

C) Earlier

D) Many

E) Some

441. The first wallpaper was used as a 

substitute for 

tapestries, which had

been used for centuries.
A) precursor of

B) accomplice of

C) associate of

D) alternative to

E) contribution to

442. When the General Director resigned a younger person 

succeeded

him in the company.
A) fulfilled

B) rotated

C) replaced

D) attained

E) reached

443. Only after her third attempt she 

succeeded 

in selling one of her

paintings at a reasonable price.
A) assisted

B) quoted

C) accomplish

D) expected

E) renounced

444. A thousand dollars today will 

suffice 

to buy a personal computer

with amazing power.
A) be insufficient

B) induce

C) seduce

D) be enough

E) necessitate

445. I do not want to 

suggest 

by this criticism that there is something

fundamentally wrong with your argument.
A) conceal

B) claim

C) assert

D) assume

E) imply

446. She cleaned the house 

superficially 

but a close look at the furniture

showed she had done very little.
A) on the surface

B) in the corners

C) inside

D) from a distance

E) successively

447.

Superstition 

may easily lead a great many people astray.

A) irrational belief

B) succession

C) logic

D) misdirection

E) stipulation

448. The ancient Scandinavians venerated the mistletoe because it

supposedly

 brought good luck and fertility.

A) doubtfully

B) presumably

C) actually

D) hopefully

E) fortunately

449. The attendance at the music festival 

surpassed 

all expectations.

A) overwhelmed

B) overestimated

C) increased

D) overcame

E) excelled

450. There is a large area of 

swamp 

that will have to be cleared before

construction can begin.
A) forest

B) soft, wet land

C) dry, sandy soil

D) prairie

E) huge forest

451. Digital watches that display time electronically are 

swiftly

 replacing

analog watches.
A) gradually

B) eventually

C) previously

D) rapidly

E) steadily

452. The 

symptoms

 of “senility” include serious forgetfulness, confusion,

and certain other changes in personality and behavior.
A) diagnosis

B) signs

C) anomalies

D) retorts

E) claims

453. The manager is always 

tactful 

when he deals with angry customers.

A) firm

B) sensitive

C) outspoken

D) rude

E) cunning

454. As a professional sport, women’s basketball has 

taken off

 in recent

years.
A) distributed

B) removed

C) grown

D) leveled

E) been introduced

455. Most wild animals are easy to 

tame

.

A) domesticate

B) catch

C) identify

D) feed

E) take care of

456. A  report is usually 

tangible 

proof that the research has been

completed.
A) evasive

B) concrete

C)  vague

D) inevitable

E) ambiguous

457. Her friends tried to 

tempt 

her to go to the movies although they

knew she had to study.
A) trace

B) enervate

C) implore

D) entice

E) long for

458. All the 

tenants 

in our apartment building are complaining about the

lack of hot water.
A) old people

B) landlords

C) superintendents

D) settlers

E) occupants

459. Professor Fox has a 

thorough

 knowledge of Turkish history.

A) complete

B) hazy

C) wonderful

D) scientific

E) trite

460. Tina 

thwarted 

her brother’s every effort to sell the old house which

they grew up in.
A) assisted

B) blocked

C) reported

D) hoped

E) supplicated

461. Dictators do not 

tolerate 

opposition of any kind.

A) understand

B) permit

C) justify

D) execute

E) specify

462. Sandy is still

 touchy 

on this subject; be careful not to mention the

matter to her.
A) handy

B) sensitive

C) manual

D) ill-mannered

E) inclement

463. There was no 

trace 

of poison in the coffee the chemist analyzed,

which disappointed the police.
A) indication

B) taste

C) color

D) smell

E) sediment

464. The elegant decorations 

transformed 

the garage into a ballroom.

A) reverted

B) changed

C) sustained

D) interrupted

E) retained

465. Some plants thrive if you 

transplant

 them from indoors to the garden

in the hot weather.
A) transfer

B) substitute

C) trade

D) dig

E) plant

466. Many minor 

tremors 

cart be felt before an earthquake hits an area.

A) temptations

B) noises

C) vibrations

D) beatings

E) voices

467. Among certain groups drug taking has become the latest 

trend

.

Actors pop singers and people prominent in the entertainment
industry have certainly set the fashion.
A) situation

B) gist

C) drift

D) fad

E) tradition

468. Scientists have long discovered that emotions 

trigger 

physiological

reactions- and vice versa.
A) blunt

B) activate

C) encounter

D) obscure

E) impede

469. At first, the incident seemed to be 

trivial

, giving no hint of the

terrible consequences it would lead to.
A) significant

B) momentous

C) unimportant

D) critical

E) of great importance

470. A quiet moment, spent alone, often takes one out of 

turmoil

 of a

stressful situation.
A) tranquility

B) peace

C) chaos

D) inspiration

E) gloom

471. The country is plagued by 

turmoil

.

A) revolution

B)  earthquakes

C) utter confusion

D) fuel shortages

E) contagious disease

472. Nearsightedness is a defect of sight in which distant objects that

should be seen clearly are 

unclear

.

A) marred

B) unrecognizable

C) invisible

D) blurred

E) tiny

473. It is 

undoubtedly

 true that the Watergate scandal was the worst of

all in U.S. political history.
A) considerably

B) arguably

C) indecisively

D) without question

E) sternly

474. Our company possesses 

unique

 research capabilities.

A) only

B) solely

C) unequaled

D) unbalanced

E) uniform

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Book 2 Part E

341

475. She is quite an 

unlikely 

candidate for the position.

A) amicable

B) admirable

C) improbable

D) unqualified

E) irreproachable

476. His 

unsophisticated 

manner caused him severe problems when he

went to Istanbul to do business.
A) experienced

B) naive

C) knowledgeable

D) cosmopolitan

E) profuse

477. The human 

urge

 to express feelings through rhythmic motion is

expressed in dance.
A) repulse

B) addiction

C) sensation

D) desire

E) collaboration

478. The wool of a cashmere goat is 

valued

 for its fine, silky texture.

A) charged

B) raised

C) exploited

D) prized

E) sought

479. The alien spacecraft hovered over the corn field for a while, and

then it 

vanished

, never to be sighted again.

A) landed

B) disappeared

C) attacked

D) rose

E) engulfed

480. In early summer, Mexico’s 

vast 

wheat fields look like golden seas of

grain.
A) pregnant

B) boundless

C) swift

D) teeming

E) cultivated

481. After listening to the testimony, the members of the jury delivered

their 

verdict

.

A) sentence

B) cross-examination

C) decision

D) foreman

E) speech

482. The 1961 missile crisis brought the world to the 

verge

 of all-out war.

A) horror

B) brink

C) prospect

D) danger

E) security

483. The ambassador 

verified 

the report before he called the State

Department to make sure he wasn’t causing unwarranted anxiety.
A) canceled

B) confirmed

C) proofread

D) purloined

E) hid

484. A forest is a 

vibrant

, complex community of many forms of life, and

it should be protected at all costs.
A) active

B) fatal

C) slick

D) fabulous

E) fierce

485. The candidate’s 

victory 

at the polls was overwhelming.

A) treachery

B) defeat

C) triumph

D) popularity

E) certificate

486.

Views 

regarding private education appear to be changing.

A) forecasts

B) predictions

C) opinions

D) proponents

E) advocates

487. Some parts of the world, such as the Arctic and Antarctica, remain

virtually 

unexplored.

A) actually

B) partially

C) superficially

D) practically

E) completely

488. As I expected, I did not have to say much. He had actually agreed

to the plan 

voluntarily

.

A) to his benefit

B) enthusiastically

C) unwillingly

D) unhesitatingly

E) of his own accord

489. Will their 

vows

 be made publicly or privately?

A) opening remarks

B) thoughts

C) promises

D) emotions

E) trials

490. The army was out in the open and therefore 

vulnerable

 to the enemy

attack.
A) exposed

B) eager

C) closed

D) remote

E) attainable

491. Only 

wealthy

 people can maintain such a big yacht.

A) fearless

B) gifted

C) mechanical

D) affluent

E) imbecile

492. Mr.  Moore’s behavior was often considered 

weird

, even by his

friends.
A) strange

B) foreign

C) cold

D) unknown

E) shameless

493. Having spent all his money on clothes, Laura is not 

well-off

enough even to buy a loaf of bread.
A) destitute

B) arrogant

C) wealthy

D) afraid

E) peevish

494. Whenever  she reads a good mystery, it 

whets

 her appetite for

more books by any author.
A) waits

B cajoles

C) sharpens

D) resolves

E) idles

495. That railroads were ultimate mode of transport was a 

widespread

belief before the 20th century.
A) contagious

B) expansive

C) common

D) broad

E) esteemed

496. The city managed to 

withstand

 the years-long siege by Serbian forces.

A) resist

B) rise against

C) prepare for

D) predict

E) overwhelm

497. Only a small number of the 

wounded

 people in Gorazde were carried

to the aircrafts by the soldiers of the United Nations.
A) unconscious

B) injured

C) deceased

D) inept

E) distressed

498. He 

yearns

 to ask his girlfriend to marry him, but he is too bashful to

do so.
A) hopes

B) wants

C) plans

D) refuses

E) discourages

499. My aunt worked in her garden with such 

zeal

 that she grew more

vegetables than she could possibly eat.
A) fertilizers

B) garden tools

C) unwillingness

D) enthusiasm

E) vanity

500. A cave is a natural opening in the ground extending beyond the

zone 

of light, and large enough to permit the entry of man.

A) region

B) hamlet

C) refrain

D) aversion

E) articulation

Book 2 Part E

Wordpower

342

BOOK 3

343

Answer the following questions according to the text.

In an interview yesterday Mr. Wilson was questioned about the

harmful effects of horror movies on teenagers. He argued that such
effects were often exaggerated and claimed that other types of films
were far more dangerous for young people. When asked to prove this,
he pointed out that horror films were often set in unreal situations
and were clearly not to be taken seriously. In contrast, he claimed that
films showing violent crime were often set in everyday life, and were
therefore more damaging.

1.

In Mr. Wilson’s opinion, horror films _____.

A)

cost more than other kinds of films.

B)

are more popular among the elderly than among the young.

C)

should be banned altogether.

D)

are less damaging to young people that films of violent crime.

E)

have recently ceased to appeal to the young.

2.

For Mr. Wilson the main difference between a horror film and one
showing violent crime is that the former _____.

A)

is mainly concerned with everyday situations.

B)

is liked by the young, and the latter by the old.

C)

is unrelated to real life, whereas the latter is.

D)

is less expensive to produce than the latter.

E)

rarely receives any attention from the young.

3.

The interviewer wanted to find out whether _____.

A)

young people were being harmed by horror films.

B)

Mr. Wilson had himself been affected by horror films.

C)

Mr. Wilson preferred horror films to films of violence.

D)

people were seriously objecting to horror films.

E)

the effects of crime films were being exaggerated.

The famous Tower of London was built as a fortress by William

the Conqueror.  Early in the Middle Ages the kings used it as a palace;
later on it was turned into a prison, but only distinguished prisoners,
including statesmen and princes, were held there.  Today the Tower is
a national museum, where, among other things, the jewelry of the
English kings and queens is on display.

4.

It is obvious from the passage that the functions of the Tower of
London _____.

A)

were all established by William the Conqueror.

B)

have always been controlled by the kings.

C)

have varied greatly over the centuries.

D)

are all of a military nature.

E)

have not changed at all since the Middle Ages.

5.

We learn from the passage that the Tower _____.

A)

was not originally intended to be a fortress.

B)

was never a prison for ordinary people.

C)    is still a unique example of medieval architecture.
D)

was never a residence of English kings.

E)

functions today only as a jewelers museum.

6.

William the Conqueror’s original purpose in building the Tower
of London _____.

A)

was one of defense

B)

was to exhibit his valuable jewellery.

C)

was strongly criticized later in the Middle Ages.

D)

remains unknown even now.

E)

is still being debated among historians.

Never before in history have people been so aware of what is going

on in the world.  Television, newspapers and radio keep us continually
informed and stimulate our interest.  The sociologist’s interest in the world
around him is intense, for society is his field of study.  Indeed, he needs to
know what is happening in society; he wants to know what makes the
social world what it is, how it is organized, why it changes in the ways that
it does.  Such knowledge is valuable not only for those who make great
decisions, but also for you, since this is the world in which you live and
make your way.

7.

The passage emphasizes that whatever goes on in the world
today _____.

A)

is quickly forgotten by the majority.

B)

only concerns the sociologist.

C)

first makes the headlines in the press.

D)

is of great interest to everyone.

E)

can easily be ignored by people in power.

8.

It is pointed out in the passage that, among other things,
sociologists are very much interested in _____.

A)

our reaction to their studies.

B)

the effect of television on education.

C)

the reasons for social change.

D)

how people make a living in the world.

E)

environmental problems.

9.

One may conclude from the passage that the studies made by
sociologists _____.

A)

are extremely useful both to decision makers and to ordinary people.

B)

are of little general interest.

C)

receive a lot of attention from the media.

D)

are primarily intended for students of sociology.

E)

do not adequately reflect real conditions in the world.

Every summer many people, girls and women as well as boys and

men, try to swim from England to France or from France to England.
The distance at the nearest points is only about twenty miles, but
because of the strong currents the distance that must be swum is
usually twice as far.  The first man to succeed in swimming across the
Channel was Captain Webb, an Englishman.  This was in August 1875. He
landed in France 21 hours 45 minutes after entering the water at Dover.
Since then there have been many successful swims and the time has been
shortened.  One French swimmer crossed in 11 hours and 5 minutes.

10. Swimming the Channel is not as easy as it might seem _____.

A)

as the distance between the two counties is far too much.

B)

and it always takes more or less 20 hours.

C)

and only two people have managed to do it so far.

D)

so few people even try to swim it.

E)

for there are very strong currents.

11. The first time anyone swam across the Channel _____.

A)

was in the last century.

B)

was when England and France organized a swimming competition.

C)

no one really believed him.

D)

he was helped by favorable currents.

E)

he reached Dover just before 10 in the evening.

12. The time Captain Webb needed to swim across the Channel

_____.

A)

was unbelievably short.

B)

has since been nearly reduced to half

C)

still remains a record.

D)

was thought to be far too long.

E)

hasn’t been equaled by any French swimmer.

TEST 1

Reading comprehension

Reading Comprehension

Book 3

344

A new discovery of a dinosaur fossil in Antarctica has confirmed the idea
that dinosaurs lived not only in the Northern Hemisphere but in the Southern
Hemisphere as well.  Up until this discovery, scientists had found dinosaur
remains on every continent except Antarctica.  This new discovery now
confirms the idea that dinosaurs were distributed worldwide.  If the dinosaur
fossil is shown to be related to other dinosaurs of the same period in South
America, it will also support the idea that South America and Antarctica
were once linked together.

13. It is only recently that _____.

A)

important scientific studies about the Southern Hemisphere have
been carried out.

B)

scientists have been seriously interested in fossils.

C)

a dinosaur fossil has been discovered in Antarctica.

D)

some new facts about the Northern Hemisphere have come to
light.

E)

Antarctica has been discovered.

14. One can understand from the passage that _____.

A)

dinosaurs, at one time in the past, lived in both hemispheres.

B)

dinosaurs were in fact, more commonly found in the Southern
Hemisphere.

C)

scientists had long since realized that dinosaurs had actually lived
in Antarctica.

D)

the dinosaur fossil, discovered in Antarctica, was significantly
different from those found in other continents.

E)

the discovery of the dinosaur fossil in Antarctica was actually of
little importance to scientists.

15. It is hoped that the discovery of the dinosaur fossil in Antarctica

_____.

A)

would contribute significantly to our knowledge of the Northern
Hemisphere.

B)

will throw further light on the existence of dinosaurs in the past.

C)

would lead to further similar discoveries in the Southern
Hemisphere.

D)

could answer the question whether South America and Antarctica
were originally connected.

E)

will attract more scientists to this type of work

A popular method of treating frozen fingers and toes in very cold,

even freezing weather is to slowly rewarm them or rub them with
snow. The best treatment, however, is not slow rewarming but rapid
rewarming. Putting the frozen fingers or toes in a warm bath or using
a hot water bottle are both good ways to treat them. Hot drinks to
warm the body from within are also helpful. One must be careful
about burning the skin, however. The temperature of any heat applied
should not be greater than 43 C.

16. The main concern of the passage is _____.

A)

why frozen fingers and toes should be slowly rewarmed.

B)

how to keep adequately warm in the winter.

C)

how to treat fingers and toes that have been frozen.

D)

the dangers of freezing weather for the body.

E)

why one should have plenty of hot drinks in winter.

17. It is pointed out in the passage that _____.

A)

the use of hot water bottles to rewarm the body is not advisable.

B)

one should try to rewarm frozen fingers and toes fairly rapidly.

C)

in rewarming the body the higher the temperature the better the
result is.

D)

people should be warned not to go out in freezingly cold weather.

E)

one should take a bath as often as possible in winter.

18. The author warns that _____.

A)

the minimum temperature required is 43 C.

B)

in rewarming the body, care must be taken not to burn the skin.

C)

one should never rub frozen fingers and toes with snow.

D)

hot drinks must not be taken in immediately.

E)

recovery cannot be as rapid as one would expect.

Bicycling in America has been growing at an amazing rate. Bicycles used
to be sold to parents for their children. Now those same parents are buying
them for themselves, as well as for their children. And grandparents are
cycling, too. Moreover, people don’t simply cycle for fun and for the exercise.
Many young executives ride bikes to work as an alternative to adding to
the pollution of cities, and to fighting traffic jams, while college and high
school students find bikes an economical alternative to cars or buses.

19. In the passage it is emphasized that, in America _____.

A)

more and more people of all ages are now using bicycles.

B)

few college students can afford to run a car.

C)

no executive feels he can cycle to work.

D)

most parents feel it is dangerous for children to cycle to school.

E)

a great many traffic jams are being caused by cyclists.

20. Cycling is also a hobby that _____.

A)

attracts fewer and fewer people.

B)

is getting increasingly more expensive.

C)

only appeals to the young.

D)

has a high-accident rate.

E)

the whole family can enjoy.

21. From the passage we can infer that _____.

A)

different people have different reasons for preferring bicycles to
a car.

B)

most Americans can no longer afford to run a car.

C)

young children should not be allowed to cycle on main roads.

D)

a lot of parents are borrowing their children’s bicycles.

E)

cycling is fun in the country but not in a city.

On the day of my first piano recital, I became more and more

nervous. To help me calm down, my piano teacher told me to place
several cabbages in the room where I practiced. I was so eager to get
over my nerves that I was willing to try anything. For the next few
hours, I played to an audience of cabbages. When the time of the
recital finally arrived, I was still terribly nervous. My hands felt like
ice. When I finally walked across the stage, I looked out into the dark
audience. I could not see anyone! All those people out there could
just as easily have been cabbages. As I sat down to play, my hands
relaxed. Before I knew it, I had played all my pieces without a mistake.
For the first time, the cabbage heads applauded.

22. On the day of the recital the music teacher _____.

A)

advised the writer to put cabbages in the room where he practiced
and play for them.

B)

warned the writer not to look at the audience.

C)

had no patience with the writer because he was nervous too.

D)

felt nearly as nervous about the recital as the writer did.

E)

couldn’t think of a way of helping the writer to stay calm.

23. The writer stopped feeling nervous _____.

A)

because he had practiced a great deal

B)

when the audience began to applaud

C)

before he walked onto the stage

D)

as soon as the concert was over

E)

when he found he couldn’t see the audience.

24. In the passage it is explained that _____.

A)

the writer was always nervous on the day of a concert

B)

the writer played to some cabbages because there was no real
audience

C)

the writer finally began to relax just before he began his recital

D)

the room was so cold the writer’s hands felt like ice

E)

the writer always practiced in a room where there were cabbages

Book 3

Reading Comprehension

345

Mountaineering has this advantage over most other sports; enjoyment
depends very little indeed on natural ability or technical skill; it is a sport
without winners and without losers. By all means study the technique of
climbing if it interests you. But, believe me, provided you go to really
good mountain country, it doesn’t much matter how you climb or what
you climb. There are three things that matter; look up frequently to see the
way ahead, don’t leave the holds you have until you have tested new
ones; do all you can to help those climbing with you.

25. As it is pointed out in the passage, mountaineering is a sport

_____.

A)

in which nobody wins and nobody loses

B)

that is not suitable for the old

C)

in which technique is not easy to learn

D)

which can be enjoyed anywhere in the country

E)

that most people are interested in

26. When climbing one must _____.

A)

always follow the good climbers

B)

be careful to check that new holds are safe before leaving old
ones

C)

always keep to known routes

D)

never look back

E)

try to develop one’s natural abilities

27. The passage emphasizes the fact that _____.

A)

the techniques of climbing are of great importance.

B)

there is actually not much really good climbing country

C)

climbing is not a team sport

D)

one climber should always help another

E)

few people really enjoy climbing

The desires of a child were naturally rather limited in the Victorian

era. Toys were simple and comparatively few. There were no bicycles
or mechanical models; the average child “made his own fun” from
very cheap materials. Really the only shop the child dreamed of entering
for his own purposes was the sweatshop. Nowadays a bewildering
variety of toys, magazines and entertainment in a multitude of shops,
compete for his interest and money; and the boredom of having
everything ready-made leads to a constant desire for something new.

28. It is suggested in the passage that the modern child _____.

A)

wishes he had been born in the Victorian era.

B)

suffers from boredom in spite of all the toys.

C)

develops his abilities by playing with toys.

D)

is well able to amuse himself.

E)

is allowed to eat too much.

29. According to the passage _____.

A)

mechanical toys are essential to a child’s happiness.

B)

a child should not be left to “make his own fun”.

C)

home-made toys give more pleasure than ready-made ones.

D)

there was a constant desire for something new.

E)

simple toys slow down a child’s development.

30. The passage emphasizes _____.

A)

a child should have money to spend on toys.

B)

the importance, in childhood, of a large choice of toys.

C)

how lucky the modem child is.

D)

that sweets are not good for the health.

E)

the difference between a Victorian childhood and a present-day
one.

Most people were not impressed when in 1913, the Daily Mail

newspaper offered 10.000 pounds to the first pilot to fly across the Atlantic
in under 72 hours. The majority of scientists, even said it could not be
done. Certainly the problems involved were many and far ranging.
Obviously the design of the aero plane was of great importance, but so too
were the skill and courage of the pilot and the navigator; weather conditions
also had to be taken into consideration.  A very few enthusiasts thought it
might be possible ten years later.  They were wrong. A pilot received the
prize just six years later.

31. When the Daily Mail offered a prize in 1913, for flying across the

Atlantic _____.

A)

there were few aero planes that could stay in the air for more
than 72 hours.

B)

many enthusiastic amateurs were eager to try.

C)

the majority of scientists thought it could be done.

D)

almost no one believed it was possible to do this within the next
ten years.

E)

the general public were very interested in the scheme.

32. The 10.000 pounds prize offered by the Daily Mail in 1913 _____.

A)

was shared by pilot and navigator

B)

never was won

C)

was won ten years later

D)

was received even earlier that some enthusiasts expected

E)

aimed at encouraging better aircraft design

33. The passage points out that _____.

A)

before the Atlantic could be crossed by plane many factors had to
be considered

B)

the prize of £10.000 was actually not worth very much

C)

the majority of scientists were extremely interested  in the
project

D)

the Daily Mail was impressed by the courage of the pilot who
received the prize

E)

weather conditions were favorable on the day of the flight.

It is a mistake to assume that “educational” programs on television

are likely to be boring. In fact, as long as these programs are made in
a rich and creative manner, there is no doubt that they can and do
draw the attention of people, especially young people. Perhaps some
of the best examples of successful educational programs are those
which deal, for instance, with ancient historical sites, environmental
problems, wild life, geography or the strange world at the bottom of
the sea.

34. In the passage, the term ‘wild life  _____.

A)

is used to indicate the behavior of young people.

B)

refers to animals, birds and other living beings in nature

C)

signifies the living conditions of primitive people

D)

means a large unused piece of land

E)

refers to prehistorically times

35. Some people seem to think that _____.

A)

only those programs concerned with historical and geographical
subjects can be fascinating.

B)

television does not give enough importance to the problems of
youth

C)

educational programs on television are of little interest

D)

a lot of money is needed to make a good educational program

E)

young people are more interested in educational programs than
their elders.

36. In the passage it is emphasized that a good educational program

_____.

A)

has more influence on people if it is shown on television

B)

should in the first place be concerned with history and biology

C)

should involve young people and encourage them to study the
natural world

D)

can contribute a great deal to people’s awareness of
environmental problems

E)

is one which is made creatively and contains a great deal of
interesting material.

Reading Comprehension

Book 3

346

Nowadays, in England, tea is quite the most popular, and also the

cheapest, of all drinks. People drink their tea in different ways. Some like it
with sugar, some without. Some drink it with milk, some with lemon; yet,
one way or another just about everyone drinks tea. This, however, has not
always been the case. During the last century, when tea was very expensive,
it was kept locked up, and the lady of the house had the key. Tea drinking
then was quite a ceremony, reserved for the evenings. At breakfast everyone
drank beer!

37. Compared with the past, in England today _____.

A)

more and more people prefer tea to beer.

B)

tea is regarded as a luxury.

C)

tea is very cheap and commonly available.

D)

sugar is becoming less and less popular.

E)

people don’t care about the quality of tea.

38. It is obvious from the passage that _____.

A)

English people have always regarded tea as better than beer.

B)

over the years the popularity of tea in England has increased
tremendously.

C)

drinking tea with lemon is only a recent habit in England.

D)

like tea, beer also is an extremely popular drink.

E)

English people are no longer fond of ceremonies.

39. In the passage it is explained that _____.

A)

in England today people have different habits of tea drinking.

B)

in the past in England only the wealthy were able to drink beer.

C)

at breakfast English people also like to drink beer.

D)

English people mostly prefer to have their tea in the evening.

E)

in England usually a ceremony is held in the family before tea is
served.

Elizabeth parked the car and then went into the busy station to

meet Jane who was going to spend the weekend with her. Elizabeth’s
friends often came for the weekend, but there was something a little
different about Jane’s visit. She and Jane hadn’t seen each other for 15
years. While at the university, they had shared a flat together for 2
years but then each had married and Jane and her husband had lived
abroad a great deal. Elizabeth began to ask herself. ‘Will we even be
able to recognize each other after all these years?” Right then she saw
Jane walking towards her and smiling straight at her with the old
unforgettable smile quite unchanged.

40. The first thing Elizabeth noticed about Jane when they met at the

station was _____.

A)

that she had become quite old.

B)

how well she was looking.

C)

that she had not forgotten how to smile.

D)

her smile which had not changed.

E)

that she had already been married.

41. Elizabeth’s friendship with Jane _____.

A)

went back to their university years.

B)

lasted only for two years when they were at the university.

C)

ended soon after they had each married.

D)

has always been envied by all their friends.

E)

found its best expression in their weekend visits to each other.

42. Elizabeth is worried _____.

A)

because Jane’s husband may have changed a great deal after all
these years.

B)

in case she won’t be able to find a place to park the car.

C)

about Jane and her husband who are going to live abroad.

D)

in case Jane will change her mind about coming for the weekend.

E)

in case after a separation of so many years they may both fail to
recognize each other.

There was silence. Neither Mr. Mayne nor Mr. Bridge spoke. Mr.

Mayne looked across at Mr. Bridge and waited. Both wanted the other
to speak. Neither spoke. It was as if each felt that whoever spoke first
would lose. Presently they rose together and together said: “Well I must
be going.” Then they nodded slightly to each other and did indeed go.
So they agreed to separate, but on both sides there was regret, for each
was deeply convinced that they could have formed a business partnership
that would have given them fame and wealth.

43. Mr. Mayne and Mr. Bridge scarcely spoke to each other because

_____.

A)

they hated each other.

B)

they didn’t think it was necessary.

C)

there was nothing to say.

D)

each wanted the other to start.

E)

they didn’t want to work together.

44. When Mr. Mayne and Mr. Bridge met, they _____.

A)

were anxious to talk about their wealth.

B)

hoped to solve their financial problems.

C)

were both sure that they could have been successful partners in
business.

D)

found they had nothing to say.

E)

disliked each other immediately.

45. When Mr. Mayne and Mr. Bridge separated _____.

A)

each was confident that the partnership would flourish (grow).

B)

they both seemed relieved (relaxed).

C)

they agreed to meet again soon.

D)

both were feeling disappointed

E)

they were equally pleased with themselves.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s world was a world of music from

the moment he was born. His father, who was a fine musician, was
teaching his daughter to play the piano. Little Wolfgang used to listen
to his sister as she practiced. He quickly learned the pieces she played.
One day he said he wanted to play too. But he was only three years
old then, and his father thought that his hands were too small.
However, that evening, alone and in the dark, he played the pieces
his sister had been practicing and he played them much better than
her.

46. While his sister was practicing, Mozart _____.

A)

usually made a lot of noise.

B)

used to play by himself.

C)

used to feel very bored.

D)

and his father talked about music.

E)

learned how to play the piano.

47. Mozart’s father didn’t believe that _____.

A)

his daughter practiced often enough.

B)

a child of three could possibly play the piano.

C)

his children would ever learn to play well.

D)

music could be regarded as a profession.

E)

children could understand music well.

48. As a child, Mozart _____.

A)

was hated by his father.

B)

was taught by his sister to play the piano.

C)

rarely listened to any music.

D)

had a great talent for music.

E)

used to play for his sister.

Book 3

Reading Comprehension

347

The voyage began well in calm, clear weather. As usual, the ship was

crowded; most of the passengers were tourists who, after their holiday in
Turkey, were now returning home. There was a great deal of fun and
entertainment on board the ship. People were eating, dancing, singing
and enjoying themselves. But after the sun set, the weather began to
change, and the sea got rougher and rougher. Soon nearly everyone was
feeling ill.

49. Most of the passengers on board the ship _____.

A)

didn’t want to return home.

B)

hated the food they were served.

C)

got very sick before the storm broke out.

D)

knew the weather would turn so bad in the evening.

E)

enjoyed themselves by singing and dancing all night.

50. The passage is about _____.

A)

holidays by the sea.

B)

a terrible storm at sea.

C)

the dangers of a sea voyage.

D)

the first day on board the ship.

E)

tourists in Turkey.

51. At the start of the voyage _____.

A)

everyone was feeling happy.

B)

a lot of people were already seasick.

C)

everyone was looking forward to the holiday in Turkey.

D)

the weather was cool and windy.

E)

most of the tourists were complaining about the weather.

Elephants are not really very savage animals, but occasionally

they can be in a very bad temper. Their most dangerous habit at such
moments is to pick up, with their trunk, a large stick or stone, and
throw it with great force at someone standing nearby. When this
happens the only thing anyone can do, is to jump quickly out of the
way.

52. When an elephant is in a bad temper _____.

A)

it may try to hurt someone.

B)

it moves its trunk from side to side.

C)

one shouldn’t throw stones at it.

D)

one should keep perfectly still.

E)

it never shows it.

53. The worst thing an elephant does is to _____.

A)

attack other savage animals.

B)

destroy everything nearby.

C)

use its trunk with great force.

D)

move dangerously fast.

E)

throw things at anyone close to it.

54. It is not very often that _____.

A)

anyone can get close to an elephant.

B)

an elephant behaves in a savage manner.

C)

one can jump out of the way of an elephant.

D)

an elephant picks something up with his trunk.

E)

an elephant is frightened.

It was a misty morning, and there was a soft rain falling. There

were only a few leaves left on the trees, but on the ground was a thick
carpet of brown and yellow leaves. This was the time of year the old
gardener loved best. Since he was too old to work, he used to spend
his days by the window, looking out on the garden. It was no longer
what it had been under his care, but still it was lovely.

55. It is obvious that _____.

A)

no one cared any longer for the old gardener.

B)

the old gardener disliked staying indoors.

C)

the old gardener was as fond of his garden as ever.

D)

it always rained heavily there in the spring.

E)

the old gardener was no long interested in gardening.

56. The passage gives a description of _____.

A)

the old gardener’s dislike of rain.

B)

the old gardener’s house.

C)

the change of the seasons.

D)

a wet morning in autumn.

E)

the weather in winter.

57. The garden had looked much nicer _____.

A)

when he first began to work in it.

B)

during the summer months.

C)

before the winter had come.

D)

from the other window.

E)

when the old man had been looking after it.

This was the first time Mary was going to fly. It wasn’t going to

be a long flight; in fact, she would be in the air just under an hour. She
got to the airport an hour before the plane was expected to take off.
She was very excited and also a little nervous. But before long, it was
announced that her flight was going to be delayed for two hours.
Suddenly she felt very disappointed and didn’t know what to do while
she was waiting.

58. Mary’s flight _____.

A)

left an hour early.

B)

was delayed for two hours.

C)

suddenly had to be cancelled.

D)

was enjoyable from the beginning to the end.

E)

was over far too quickly.

59. On arrival at the airport, Mary _____.

A)

was calm and confident.

B)

expected the plane to take off in an hour.

C)

had to hurry to catch the plane.

D)

found out that her plane would take off in less than an hour.

E)

didn’t know how long the flight would take.

60. It was obvious from the passage that Mary _____.

A)

was pleased the flight had been postponed.

B)

was used to traveling by air.

C)

nearly missed her plane.

D)

was afraid her flight would last for hours.

E)

began her first flight with a disappointment.

Bobby never keeps still. So, when his aunt saw him standing

there and not moving at all, she knew something unusual was
happening. She moved quietly towards him and also began to look
where he seemed to be looking. Just then, in the tall grass near the
fence, she saw a little bird that was too small to fly. It must have fallen
out of its nest.

61. The little bird _____.

A)

hid behind the fence.

B)

had been caught by Bobby.

C)

tried to fly over the fence.

D)

was too tired to return to its nest.

E)

fascinated Bobby greatly.

62. Bobby _____.

A)

did a lot of things his aunt disliked.

B)

was not very fond of his aunt.

C)

called his aunt to look at the bird.

D)

is usually a very active child.

E)

knew where the nest was.

63. When the aunt saw the little bird _____.

A)

she understood why Bobby had kept so still.

B)

she was very sad.

C)

she wanted to put it back in the nest.

D)

it was frightened of her.

E)

Bobby refused to give it to her.

Reading Comprehension

Book 3

348

When we arrived at the little hotel, the first thing we did was to see if

it was clean. We were particularly interested in the kitchen, which was in
the back of the building. There we saw large, open shelves filled with pots,
pans and plates. These were clean, but the floors were very dirty. We also
noticed that the food was not kept covered, and there were a lot of flies
about. So, we decided not to stay in that hotel.

64. This hotel _____.

A)

is not properly taken care of

B)

attracts a lot of visitors.

C)

serves excellent food.

D)

has a most interesting kitchen.

E)

was just the place we were looking for.

65. When we saw the kitchen _____.

A)

it had just been cleaned.

B)

we were very pleased with the food.

C)

everything seemed to be in order.

D)

we were impressed by the variety of pots and pans.

E)

we knew this wasn’t the right place to stay.

66. The kitchen _____.

A)

wasn’t clean enough.

B)

was in a separate building.

C)

had a bad smell.

D)

looked neat and tidy.

E)

was dirty except for the floors.

It was a fine Sunday in April. David and his sister, who were

going to the zoo, crossed the main road and joined the queue at the
bus stop. There were a lot of empty buses waiting by the side of the
road. The drivers were standing about in groups talking and smoking.
In the park nearby young mothers were with their children. There was
someone selling balloons and someone else selling small cakes.

67. In the passage, we are given _____.

A)

an account of the animals in the zoo.

B)

the reasons for the drivers’ strike.

C)

a description of a street one Sunday.

D)

a full description of the park near the bus stop.

E)

some advice on how to spend our Sundays.

68. David _____.

A)

is taking his sister to the zoo.

B)

would rather spend the afternoon in the park.

C)

is going to buy a balloon for his sister.

D)

wondered why the buses were empty.

E)

wished his mother had also come along with them.

69. When David and his sister got to the bus stop _____.

A)

they decided to play with the other children.

B)

there were no buses in sight.

C)

they began to talk to the drivers.

D)

there were a lot of people waiting for the bus.

E)

they bought some cake.

Fifty years ago, when I was a child, photographs were not of

general interest. Photographs were taken of people on special
occasions, at weddings and on birthdays, for instance. These pictures
were usually kept in a box and brought out at intervals to show the
family. Nowadays photography is regarded as an art. Many
photographic exhibitions are held and there are many magazines dealing
with the art of photography.

70. During recent years _____.

A)

photography has become a popular form of art.

B)

a lot of people have taken photographs of good paintings.

C)

photography has stopped being an art.

D)

photographic exhibitions are often advertised in magazines.

E)

more and more people take photographs at weddings.

71. The passage compares _____.

A)

public interest in painting today and fifty years ago.

B)

photographic exhibitions and painting exhibitions.

C)

wedding photographs and birthday photographs.

D)

photography today and photography fifty years ago.

E)

family photographs of today and fifty years ago.

72. When the writer was young _____.

A)

he was very interested in photography.

B)

people didn’t think of photography as an art.

C)

he always took photographs on his birthday.

D)

people used to go to photographic exhibitions.

E)

he took a lot of family photographs.

From the end of the corridor I could hear them arguing. Liz said it

was the best film she had seen on the television for over a year. Dick
said it was dreadful. He said the story was poor and the acting terrible.
Liz said he couldn’t recognize a good film when he saw one. “What
film are you talking about?” I asked as I came into the room. ‘The film
shown last Friday.”, said Liz. “The film shown last Thursday.”, said
Dick. They looked at each other and we all laughed.

73. Liz _____.

A)

hasn’t watched a film for over a year.

B)

enjoyed the film she saw on Friday evening.

C)

enjoyed the film even less than Dick.

D)

said the story was very poor.

E)

and I both enjoyed the film.

74. At the end of the passage we understand that _____.

A)

Dick actually enjoyed the film very much.

B)

there are never any good films on television.

C)

Liz and Dick were talking about different films.

D)

Liz and Dick don’t like the same films.

E)

Dick didn’t want to agree with Liz.

75. Liz and Dick were arguing about _____.

A)

a television film they had seen the previous week.

B)

the film they had just watched.

C)

whether they should watch the film that evening.

D)

which film they should watch.

E)

whether they had seen the film on Thursday or Friday.

There was no other building in sight. The trees which grew along

the river completely hid the two other houses that shared the valley.
Looking from the kitchen window Mary gave a long sigh of
contentment. She knew she would be happy here; much happier that
she had ever been in the city.

76. Mary is quite sure that _____.

A)

the view from her kitchen is spoiled by the two other houses.

B)

she will enjoy living in the valley.

C)

her neighbors will dislike her.

D)

new houses will be built along the river.

E)

she will soon miss the life of the city.

77. The valley Mary is looking at _____.

A)

is very near the city.

B)

overlooks a river.

C)

hasn’t been lived in for a long time.

D)

is a very pleasant one.

E)

is completely deserted.

78. The passage is not about _____.

A)

the hardships of life in the city.

B)

Mary and her new home.

C)

Mary’s happy life in the valley.

D)

Mary’s escape from the city.

E)

the peace and beauty of the valley.

Book 3

Reading Comprehension

349

By the end of her first day at work Janet was terribly tired. She was

also very happy, for she knew she had made a good beginning.  Mr.
Taylor was clearly very pleased with the way she had answered his telephone
and looked after his visitors. He had also praised her typing. ‘Tomorrow,”
she thought happily, “it will be much easier.”

79. From the passage we understand that Janet _____.

A)

hates her new job.

B)

is going to look for a new job.

C)

works as a nurse.

D)

is married to a businessman.

E)

is a secretary.

80. Mr. Taylor _____.

A)

is afraid Janet will leave him soon.

B)

has known Janet for a long time.

C)

is a difficult man to work for.

D)

is fully satisfied with Janet.

E)

has not given Janet much work to do.

81. The passage describes _____.

A)

Janet’s first day at work.

B)

why Janet is not pleased with her work.

C)

what kind of man Mr. Taylor is.

D)

how Janet was given her job.

E)

Janet’s plans for the future.

Dr. Maine advertised for someone to work as a receptionist at his

dental clinic. He wanted someone who was cheerful and attractive
and also willing to work on Saturdays. Several people applied for the
job but, except for Jenny none were suitable. Jenny, however, was
just what he wanted.

82. Dr. Maine _____.

A)

is obviously, a very rich man.

B)

doesn’t get on well with people.

C)

knew what sort of person he needed for his clinic.

D)

works only on Saturday mornings.

E)

is himself a cheerful and attractive person.

83. Which of the following is a suitable TITLE for this passage?

A)

Training to be a Dentist

B)

Dr. Maine and Others

C)

The Right Receptionist

D)

Working Hours

E)

Advertisements

84. Dr. Maine felt sure that _____.

A)

nobody would want to work on Saturday.

B)

Jenny would be a good dentist.

C)

Jenny wouldn’t agree to work for him.

D)

Jenny was the right person for the job.

E)

all of those who applied would be suitable.

James has always been a practical sort of person; he has worked

hard but not been able to save much. Though he had sometimes
dreamed of being rich, he had never really expected to be so.  However,
his dream came true when his uncle left him a fortune. Now that he
has got so much money he is going to do all the things he has always
wanted to do. To start with, he is going to visit Japan.

85.   James _____.

A)

has often dreamed that he was living in Japan.

B)

has earned enough money to go to Japan.

C)

never wastes his money on holidays.

D)

became rich after his uncle’s death.

E)

has been lazy all his life.

86. The author carefully points out that _____.

A)

everyone ought to work hard.

B)

one shouldn’t travel without a lot of money.

C)

practical people are never short of money.

D)

James has become rich through hard work.

E)

James has changed since he became rich.

87. James can go to Japan _____.

A)

since he is a rich man.

B)

if he saves up enough money.

C)

provided he continues to work hard.

D)

where his uncle is expecting him.

E)

but he is not anxious to go just yet.

When the Deakins decided to move from the outskirts of London

to central London they both thought they were doing the right thing.
Mr. Deakin looked forward to less traveling and Mrs. Deakin to a much
more interesting life and more friends. Before they had been there a
month, however, they both started to miss their old house with its
garden, and to wish they had never left it.

88. Soon after they had moved to central London _____.

A)

they began to enjoy a more interesting life.

B)

Mrs. Deakin made a lot of friends.

C)

Mr. Deakin gave up his job in the outskirts of the town.

D)

they knew they had been right to make the move.

E)

the Deakins realized that they had made a mistake.

89. Before they moved to central London, Mr. Deakin _____.

A)

was perfectly content with his life.

B)

was afraid he would find the city dirty and noisy.

C)

had wasted a lot of time traveling.

D)

began to travel less and less.

E)

thought he would miss his old house.

90. Mrs. Deakin _____.

A)

soon regretted the move but her husband didn’t.

B)

has always lived in central London.

C)

has had a more interesting life than her husband.

D)

fully expected to enjoy living in central London.

E)

has never lived in a house with a garden.

“Cut your coat to suit your cloth.” is an old English proverb.

Obviously it is not really talking about coats but is telling us to be
content with what we have got. It’s a good proverb because so many
people want what they cannot have, and this makes them
discontented. Therefore they don’t enjoy the things they do have.

91. This proverb _____.

A)

teaches us the real meaning of happiness.

B)

makes greed seem attractive.

C)

wants people to be discontented.

D)

is not very well known in England.

E)

shows us the importance of money.

92. People are happy _____.

A)

if they are rich.

B)

unless they are badly dressed.

C)

because the proverb tells them to be.

D)

as long as they are satisfied with the things they have.

E)

when they can learn from proverbs.

93. The passage suggests that _____.

A)

everyone is equally happy.

B)

a lot of people who should be happy are not.

C)

happiness depends upon possessions.

D)

proverbs are really useless.

E)

one should work hard to earn more.

Reading Comprehension

Book 3

350

“James and I set off an hour before sunset when it was getting cooler

and the shadows were long. We took it in turns to row the little boat and
moved slowly, following the edge of the lake, and looking rather lazily
about us for fish. We had no intention of catching any, but it was pleasant to
watch them swim so close to us.”

94. In this passage _____.

A)

we are told about the adventures of a couple fishing in a lake.

B)

the writer expresses a feeling of contentment.

C)

the writer describes the pleasure of catching fish at dawn.

D)

the writer’s intention is to describe the movements of fish in a
lake.

E)

we see that the two friends are interested in catching a special
kinds of fish.

95. The two friends _____.

A)

woke up early and went fishing.

B)

got in their boat and rowed across the lake.

C)

were too lazy to row the boat together.

D)

took the boat out to enjoy themselves rather than to catch fish.

E)

stayed out in their boat until it was dark.

96. The writer and his friend enjoyed _____.

A)

catching fish after it was dark.

B)

fishing late in the afternoon on a cool day.

C)

watching the setting of the sun on the lake.

D)

rowing together when the sun was setting.

E)

observing the movements of fish around their boat.

“John Fuller has really surprised us all. At school he seemed such

a boring and ordinary boy. As far as I can remember, he made no close
friends. I don’t think we actually disliked him, but we certainly ignored
him. I would really like to meet him again now. It’s clear from his
wonderful films that he must be a most interesting man.”

97. The writer _____.

A)

is now one of John Fuller’s close friends.

B)

knew John Fuller would be a great man.

C)

has always been jealous of John Fuller.

D)

was at school with John Fuller.

E)

still believes that John Fuller has not changed at all.

98. The writer was surprised _____.

A)

that John Fuller was no longer interested in him.

B)

to see how John Fuller had changed over the years.

C)

when he met his old school friend John Fuller.

D)

to learn that John Fuller had become rich by making films.

E)

to find that at school John Fuller had always hated him.

99. Which of the following TITLES would be suitable for this passage.

A)

An Unexpected Meeting

B)

John Fuller’s Films

C)

No Longer Ordinary

D)

My Best Friend

E)

John Fuller: A Failure in Life.

Mr. Smith made a mistake when he gave his son Tom a camera.

For soon Tom became so interested in photography that he began to
neglect his school work. Soon a large part of his conversation was
about photographs. When the newspapers came he examined the
photographs first and said what was wrong with them, before starting
to read the news.

100. Mr. Smith gave his son a camera _____.

A)

because he had started to work for a newspaper.

B)

before he was particularly interested in photography.

C)

as a reward for working well at school.

D)

so that he would work harder at school.

E)

lest he neglected his lessons.

101. After he was given the camera, Tom _____.

A)

stopped reading the newspapers.

B)

only read about the pictures in the newspapers.

C)

spent a lot of time on his homework.

D)

became one of the best students in his class.

E)

began to give much more time to photography than to his lessons.

102. Tom _____.

A)

read the news first and then examined the photographs.

B)

always talked about his camera.

C)

talked about photography more than anything else.

D)

usually took beautiful pictures.

E)

had his pictures published in the newspapers.

Leslie comes from a big city. During the holiday she went to

spend a week on her uncle’s farm. It was her first visit there. Her
uncle, who was very pleased to see his niece, did his best to make her
stay an enjoyable one. On the farm she rode a horse, fed chickens ran
in the fields and ate fruit fresh from the trees. She enjoyed her holiday
so much that, when the day for her to return to the city came, she was
very sad to leave.

103. Leslie‘s _____.

A)

holiday lasted for a week.

B)

parents often sent her to the farm.

C)

uncle left the farm and went to the city.

D)

greatest pleasure was to ride a horse.

E)

life on the farm was a very sad one.

104. Leslie _____.

A)

hated the animals on the farm.

B)

visited her uncle’s farm once a week.

C)

thought life on the farm was extremely hard.

D)

thoroughly enjoyed her holiday on the farm.

E)

worked for her uncle on the farm.

105. Which of the following is the most suitable TITLE for this passage.

A)

Horses and Chickens

B)

A Different Sort of Life

C)

Longing for the City

D)

An Uncle and His Spoiled Niece

E)

An Unpleasant Holiday

Occasionally during the night one can see meteors. They resemble

streaks of light and for this reason are called falling stars. As meteors
travel through space they sometimes fall into the Earth’s gravitational
pull and the friction between these rocks and the atmosphere causes
most of them to burn up before they reach the surface of the Earth. At
times, however, very big pieces of meteors fall to Earth and although
they are burned up to a large extent, some pieces do reach the surface.
These are then called meteorites. The largest meteorite to have been
founded is the Hoba meteorite. It was found in Nambia and weighs 60
tons.

106. Meteors that hit the Earth _____.

A)

are known as meteorites.

B)

are called falling stars.

C)

are found in the Hoba.

D)

will land in Nambia.

E)

bum up due to friction.

107. The Earth’s atmosphere _____.

A)

has many meteors in it but we cannot see them.

B)

prevents most meteors from falling into the Earth’s gravitational
pull.

C)

and the friction it causes prevent many meteors from becoming
meteorites.

D)

attracts the large falling stars to the Earth.

E)

is so hot that it burns up rocks easily.

Book 3

Reading Comprehension

351

108. Meteors are _____.

A)

huge stars that travel in space.

B)

very large pieces of stone.

C)

able to easily land on Earth.

D)

always in their travel in our atmosphere.

E)

usually present in Nambia.

There are about 980 flying mammals referred to as bats. They are

the only real flying mammals on Earth. Most bats feed on a diet of
insects. Some feed on flowers and fruits, but the most interesting are
the vampire bats of the Americas, which suck the blood of large birds
and other mammals. Unfortunately, these vampire bats are capable of
transmitting rabies and are for this reason considered dangerous. The
other types of bats are of no danger to man and are even considered
helpers of nature by way of their diet which helps control the insect
population in various areas of the world. Although the misunderstood
bat has represented fear and terror in the west, it is seen as a sign of
good luck and long life in the east.

109. The majority of the bat population _____.

A)

are vampires.

B)

transmit many illnesses.

C)

feed on a diet of insects.

D)

are dangerous to man.

E)

live in the Americas.

110. According to the passage the bat is misunderstood because

_____.

A)

it is capable of transmitting rabies.

B)

it has been associated with fear in the west.

C)

its value as a natural enemy of insects is not generally known.

D)

it is the only flying mammal.

E)

animals are endangered by most bats.

111. The insect population of the world _____.

A)

is controlled by bats.

B)

represents fear and terror to bats of the east.

C)

is eaten by vampire bats.

D)

in some areas develops because of the influence of the bat.

E)

is maintained at normal levels because bats eat them, in certain
areas.

In 1924 Thomas Watson Sr. changed the name of his company to

International Business Machines. The company produced many types
of electronic machines. In 1952, Watson’s son, Thomas Jr. became the
head of the company and proceeded to manufacture their first
computers. This first computer was produced for scientists. Many
other forms of the computer were produced and in 1981 this firm
marketed its first personal computer. Unfortunately, this world known
and respected company, better known as IBM, is now like many other
companies: in financial difficulty.

112. A good TITLE for this passage is _____.

A)

Thomas Watson Sr. and Jr.

B)

Financial Difficulties

C)

IBM: Yesterday and Today

D)

The First Computer

E)

Electronic Machines

113. IBM’s first personal computer _____.

A)

was manufactured for scientists.

B)

caused financial difficulties for the company.

C)

was created by Thomas Jr.

D)

was produced after other types of computers had been marketed.

E)

made the company world known.

114. IBM _____.

A)

was the first company to produce personal computers.

B)

went bankrupt in recent years.

C)

belongs to a family of scientists.

D)

has been around since 1952.

E)

is the only company to produce personal computers.

Sumo wrestling is an extremely popular sport in Japan. The Sumo

champions are extremely large men who are not only tall but also
weigh 130 kilograms or more. The reason that these wrestlers are so
big is that the object of the game is for one wrestler to either throw
his opponent out of the ring or to force him to the ground. The larger
a wrestler is, the greater his chances of winning a fight. These matches
are usually very short, most lasting less than one minute.

115. Sumo wrestlers are extremely large _____.

A)

because they must use their bodies against their opponents.

B)

because this is a Japanese sport.

C)

due to their great strength.

D)

so that they can object to their opponents.

E)

to force the ring to wrestle with him.

116. The length of these matches _____.

A)

is very tall.

B)

takes only a moment or so.

C)

is about 13 kilograms.

D)

generally lasts under a minute.

E)

goes on until the bell rings.

117. To win the match _____.

A)

one opponent must leave the ring.

B)

one large wrestler must give up his ground.

C)

the larger wrestler’s weight must be more than 130 kilos.

D)

the force of the larger wrestler is measured.

E)

one wrestler must prove his strength against the other.

Although all spiders kill their prey by injecting them with poison,

only a few are dangerous enough to cause people or large animals any
harm. The poison of the spider is injected by way of the pair of powerful
fangs it possesses. Their venom is injected into its prey and for most
insects and sometimes small animals, it is fatal. The most dangerous
spiders are the black widow spiders. The European black widow can
cause serious illness in a human victim whereas the North American
black widow is known to have caused the death of people on several
occasions.

118. Most spiders _____.

A)

can cause the death of people.

B)

inject poison with their fangs.

C)

eat widow spiders.

D)

are found in Europe and America.

E)

are of the family of the black widow.

119. The venom of the spider _____.

A)

will kill any animal.

B)

is powerful against fangs of insects.

C)

is deadly to most insects and small animals.

D)

effects large animals quicker than small.

E)

has human victims as well as others.

120. The black widow spiders _____.

A)

are only dangerous when they are found in Europe..

B)

are fatal to all.

C)

have poison in their venom.

D)

have a much stronger poison in their venom than other types of
spiders.

E)

usually causes illnesses in Europeans.

Reading Comprehension

Book 3

352

Jesse Ownes was one of the world’s most famous track stars.  The

newspapers of his day called him “the world’s fastest human.” This
was because he could run faster and jump further than any other man
of the time. He was born in 1913. The son of a poor black family with
six other brothers and sisters, the first years of his life were very
difficult. He was close to death many times during his youth, due to
illness. However, the care of his mother and father helped him to pull
through each time. He started running and training in school and
while in college at Ohio State University he entered a national
competition. During this competition he set four world records. In
1936, the Olympic Games took place in Germany. This was the Germany
of Hitler who did not believe that any race of people was better than
the Germans. Jesse won the gold medal for each of the events he
entered during the games and became one of the most popular athletes
in the world.

121. Hitler _____.

A)

did not believe that his athletes could win the races.

B)

was in power when the 1936 Olympic Games were held.

C)

resented the people of the German race.

D)

had Jesse train at Ohio State University.

E)

allowed Jesse to enter the national competitions of the Olympic
games.

122. Jesse Ownes’s _____.

A)

was brought up in poverty.

B)

started to train for the Olympic games when he was a youth.

C)

started to run because his mother and father pulled him through.

D)

first competed in the Olympic Games.

E)

ran faster than anyone could jump.

123. According to the passage _____.

A)

Jesse was the only black athlete to have obtained an Olympic
medal.

B)

Jesse caused Hitler to worry about his athletes.

C)

Jesse was one of the world’s most popular athletes.

D)

Jesse is the only man to have set four world records.

E)

Jesse’s world records were a result of the care he got from his
parents as a child.

Cosmetics have been used for thousands of years to improve the

appearances of people and also to help keep them clean and healthy.
We know that cosmetics were often used in ancient Egypt. Many
beautiful jars and bottles which held oils and perfumes, have been
found, and can be seen in museums. Men, in some primitive tribes
and societies also paint their faces and bodies. This is usually done to
show that they are of some high rank. Sometimes, however, it is used
to show that the people of that group are taking part in some form of
ceremony. Today, in our society, cosmetics are usually used to improve
the appearance of people and to make them appear healthy. It is not
difficult to obtain cosmetics today. Many are made cheaply from
synthetic materials and vegetable oils.

124. Cosmetics have been _____.

A)

made of synthetic fibers since ancient times.

B)

found in jars in museums.

C)

used for the body only in modem times.

D)

for ceremonies.

E)

used by people since ancient times.

125. Cosmetics not only make people look good but also _____.

A)

help maintain health in our society.

B)

established the social rank of people.

C)

help maintain an appearance of health.

D)

can be used in place of vegetable oils.

E)

are placed in museums.

126. Egyptians used jars and bottles _____.

A)

to hold both synthetic materials and vegetables.

B)

to give primitive tribes cosmetics to try out.

C)

to place into their museums.

D)

for both decoration and to hold their cosmetics.

E)

to help them with their cleaning.

When Christopher Columbus set sail in 1492 from Spain, his

destination was not America. In fact, he did not even know that the
huge American continents existed. His purpose in sailing west was to
reach the Indies faster than other ships which used a route around
Africa. The Indies were a source of riches for Europeans during those
days. The treasures of spices, silks, etc. were greatly valued by
Europeans but were extremely difficult to obtain. When Columbus
reached the islands that are now known as the West Indies, he believed
he had reached Asia and he called the people living there ‘Indians’.

127. In 1492 Columbus _____.

A)

wished to go to America.

B)

started traveling towards Asia.

C)

traveled by way of Africa to Asia.

D)

wanted to become rich by sailing to America.

E)

was looking for the treasures of America.

128. Spices, silks and other treasures _____.

A)

were found around the world.

B)

were taken to Asia to be sold.

C)

were from the West Indies.

D)

from Asia, were brought to Europe.

E)

from Spain, were taken to the Indies.

129. Columbus believed _____.

A)

the destination for Europeans was Asia via America.

B)

Europeans should become rich.

C)

the riches of the West Indies were better than those of Asia.

D)

Spain could be reached via the Asian route.

E)

he was headed for India.

In order to make the first clock, man had to first divide the day

into hours and minutes. The Babylonians were the first to divide the
hour into 60 minutes and the minute into 60 seconds. The Egyptians
created shadow clocks which later became sundials. Around 100 B.C.
the first hourglass was used. These were usually timed for one hour.
The Greeks and Romans later used water clocks which had been
developed by the Chinese and were called clepsydras. The first
mechanical clocks were developed in Europe in the 1300’s. These
were improved and in 1656 a Dutchman designed the first pendulum
clock, which was more accurate than the other clocks of the time.
After World War 11 the atomic clock was developed and is still the
world’s most accurate clock. The quartz crystal clocks and watches
that were developed in the 1960’s and 70’s are also extremely accurate,
second in accuracy to only the atomic clock.

130. The first clocks _____.

A)

were made by the Babylonians.

B)

were based on a one hour schedule.

C)

could only be made after the day had been divided into time
periods.

D)

were the clepsydras.

E)

cannot be considered a true clock.

131. Today _____.

A)

the sundials of the Egyptians are used instead of the atomic clock.

B)

quartz crystals are much more dependable than the atomic clocks
of WW II.

C)

mechanical clocks are used in Holland.

D)

hourglasses can be designed for up to one hour.

E)

historians think that the Babylonians are responsible for the trend
towards measuring time.

Book 3

Reading Comprehension

353

132. The Chinese _____.

A)

taught the Greeks how to tell time.

B)

learned how to tell time from the Greeks and Romans.

C)

used the same type of water clock as the Greeks and Romans did.

D)

preferred the clepsydras to mechanical clocks.

E)

used sundials before the Egyptians.

During the Gulf War the extent of the development of television

and radio news broadcasting was very apparent. The CNN reporter
Peter Arnett gave live coverage of the situation present in the capital
city of Iraq, Baghdad. The telephone lines which were constantly open
and full of minute by minute reportage of the events taking place,
served as the main means of communication. Although they were not
given complete freedom in the use of their television cameras, the
scenes that they were able to show the world were viewed with
interest and astonishment. The whole world was able to follow the
events of the war as they took place, from their living room television
sets.

133. The Gulf War was the first war in which _____.

A)

the telephone was used by broadcasters.

B)

the world saw the events of a war on TV.

C)

there was moment by moment coverage of a war which was
shown on television.

D)

the CNN reporter Peter Arnett was able to give coverage of a
real war to television viewers.

E)

television cameras were used to show the results of a war.

134. According to the passage Peter Arnett was _____.

A)

the only television reporter in Iraq during the war.

B)

was present in Iraq during the whole period of the war.

C)

telephoned in constant reports of what was going on.

D)

astonished the world with his reportage.

E)

the CNN reporter who told the world what was happening in the
capital of Iraq.

135. According to the passage telephone lines _____.

A)

were never cut off.

B)

served to give all the news.

C)

were used for broadcasting.

D)

always informing the world.

E)

were the only means of communication in the country.

The famous film star John Wayne’s real name was Marion Michael.

Born in Iowa, USA on 26 May, 1907, he died on 11 June, 1979 in Los
Angeles. John’s forty year film life included over 250 films. As he was
seen as a strong, large man who was quiet but mature, his real name,
Marion, did not suit his acting career.

136. John Wayne _____.

A)

died at the age of 40

B)

was famous for only western films.

C)

was born with the last name Marion.

D)

was a mature actor.

E)

was an American soldier.

137. His film career _____.

A)

lasted for 250 films.

B)

was of war and western films.

C)

started in Iowa.

D)

depended on his actual name.

E)

lasted for forty years.

138. According to the passage his appearance _____.

A)

did not appeal to his audiences.

B)

made people think of a man who was not suited to acting.

C)

was suitable for the roles of a confident leader.

D)

helped his audiences believe his roles.

E)

did not help his career.

What has caused the increasing popularity in the GREEN PEACE

MOVEMENT during recent years? Is there a possibility that the public is
being informed by scientists of dangers to the world, more than in the
past? Or, is it possible that politicians are not hiding the facts that have
been known to them but which have not been told before?  These factors
probably have had an influence on the GREEN PEACE MOVEMENT, but
the damage to nature can actually be seen by everyone today. It affects
every society in all regions of the world. It is frightening and people are
now starting to take a stand against industrialization and other developments
which are destroying their lives and the future of their children.

139. This passage is about _____.

A)

the GREEN PEACE MOVEMENT.

B)

mans constant interest in nature.

C)

new realizations made in all areas of the world about changes in
nature.

D)

politicians and what they have not told us before.

E)

the societies which have effects that interest people.

140. The reason more and more people are becoming concerned with

the world is _____.

A)

because politicians are becoming more honest.

B)

due to the new information given to them by scientists.

C)

because people can see the damage to nature.

D)

due to the fact that they are worried about their children.

E)

because the GREEN PEACE MOVEMENT has taught them the
new problems that exist.

141. The GREEN PEACE MOVEMENT _____.

A)

is against people.

B)

wants to destroy nature.

C)

is fighting with politicians.

D)

is trying to prevent the loss of nature.

E)

is working to increase industrialization.

Mary was blind at birth. Doctors during those years had been

unable to do anything to correct the situation and although her parents
lived in anguish, not being able to see was normal for her. After years
of training to live in a dark world, Mary got a job and moved into her
own flat. Several years later the doctors she occasionally visited for
check-ups told her that a new technique had been found. This
technique could restore her sight. One would think that Mary would
have jumped at the possibility to see, but actually she was not at all
happy about this situation. She had never seen anything before. She
had established a life for herself in a world without sight and the
thought of changing this lifestyle was frightening. She was more
frightened of seeing than of not.

142. The best TITLE for his passage is _____.

A)

Living with Blindness

B)

Fear of Blindness

C)

The Desire to See

D)

A Biography of Mary

E)

Problems with Doctors

143. Being able to see was _____.

A)

something Mary had not expected.

B)

what Mary wanted.

C)

a welcome surprise for Mary.

D)

what Mary was accustomed to.

E)

not necessary for our lives.

144. According to the passage, Mary’s inability to see was _____.

A)

a handicap caused by her doctors.

B)

what had upset her.

C)

present when she has been born.

D)

what had caused her to move into her own flat.

E)

preventing her from a normal life.

Reading Comprehension

Book 3

354

The United Nations was created by a charter signed by delegates of 50
countries on 26 June, 1945. The headquarters of the UN is in New York
City. Its official languages are Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.
The UN is an international organization that works for world peace and
security and for the betterment of all mankind. There are 6 major organs of
the UN that carry on the work of the organization. These 6 major organs
are: The General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social
Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice and the
Secretariat.

145. According to the passage the charter of the United Nations _____.

A)

was created in New York.

B)

established its existence.

C)

was for world peace.

D)

helped mankind.

E)

made the organs work better.

146. The main _____.

A)

working units of the UN are made up of 50 countries.

B)

building of the UN is located in 5 different countries.

C)

language of the UN is based on 5 other languages.

D)

city for its functioning is New York City.

E)

building of the UN is located in New York City.

147. Representatives of most of the world’s countries _____.

A)

decided to sign an agreement to work for the UN.

B)

established a multi-national headquarters.

C)

made the UN official.

D)

agreed to work together for peace and security in the world.

E)

disagreed about how many organs they needed.

Ballet dancers were originally all men. Women only began to

appear in performances in 1681, in Paris. The encouragement of King
Louis XIV of France is greatly responsible for the establishment of
ballet as one of the major art forms it is seen as today.  Many young
girls begin ballet lessons at the age of 5 or so and train for many years
before they are good enough to perform. Most never do perform at all
but the graceful movements and control of the body acquired by
anyone who has ballet training, encourages parents to obtain at least
several years of lessons for their young daughters.

148. Parents _____.

A)

want their children to learn to be dancers.

B)

want their children to have graceful form.

C)

want their children to be able to control their bodies with grace.

D)

want their children to train for five years to perform.

E)

make their children learn to be a ballerina.

149. King Louis XIV _____.

A)

encouraged and supported the art of ballet.

B)

assisted dancers to learn ballet.

C)

had graceful movements and body control.

D)

supported ballet so he could take lessons.

E)

made women dance with men during ballet performances.

150. Women _____.

A)

performed ballet before men.

B)

did not perform in France.

C)

perform better than men.

D)

were not the original dancers.

E)

were supporters of Louis XIV.

The first confirmation of the existence of an ice continent at the

South Pole was made by the Bellinghausen expedition of 1820.  This
expedition was made for Imperial Russia.  In 1959, the Antarctic Treaty
was signed by 17 nations.  This treaty protects the continent from
territorial claims by any other country and maintains it as a continent set
aside for scientific studies.  This natural laboratory has many research bases
on it, set up by various countries of the world.  Most of these, work together
to obtain information, for scientific study.

151. Antarctica is used _____.

A)

by the Russians.

B)

as a military base.

C)

by various countries of the world for their own use.

D)

by only 17 nations.

E)

to establish territorial claims.

152. The Antarctic continent was _____.

A)

first discovered in 1820.

B)

protected from scientists.

C)

a possession of Imperial Russia.

D)

a part of the Bellinghausen expedition.

E)

owned by the Russians.

153. The Antarctic Treaty _____.

A)

protects the continent from further expeditions.

B)

was signed at the North Pole.

C)

was prepared by the Bellinghausen expedition.

D)

was prepared in 1959.

E)

protects it from any country that might want to claim it as their
own.

The child followed his grandmother into the garden. As they

walked slowly towards the little building in the back the child heard
strange noises and suddenly stopped. The grandmother turned and
laughed warmly at her grandson’s frightful expression. He had never
been this close to animals before and was too young to recognize the
sounds he heard. She handed him the bowl she had been carrying in
her hand and picked him up. In the safety of her arms he relaxed and
together, they entered the coop to feed the chickens.

154. The child was frightened of _____.

A)

the building at the back of the garden.

B)

the animal noises from the coop.

C)

the chickens.

D)

his grandmother’s laughter.

E)

the bowl in his grandmother’s hands.

155. The grandmother picked up her grandson _____.

A)

so that she could walk quicker.

B)

to reassure him.

C)

so he would not run away.

D)

because he could no longer walk.

E)

to show him the coop.

156. They were going _____.

A)

to feed the chickens.

B)

to relax in the garden.

C)

to take some exercise.

D)

to see what the noise was about.

E)

to get the bowl.

One of the most magnificent touristic sights in the Black Sea

region of Turkey is the Sumela Monastery. The white walls of the
monastery stand out sharply from the one thousand-foot cliff which it
was carved out of. It is a seven-storey complex which was carved into
the walls of the cliff. Monks had lived in the caves of this cliff for
hundreds of years before it reached its final form. It was abandoned in
1923 and left to waste for decades.

157. The Sumela Monastery is unique because _____.

A)

it is 7 storey.

B)

it has 7 different tales told of its origin.

C)

it is located in the Black Sea.

D)

it is one thousand feet tall.

E)

it was not built on the cliff but in it.

Book 3

Reading Comprehension

355

158. It has decayed because _____.

A)

no one has resided there for many years.

B)

the monk’s don’t live there.

C)

the caves are not as good as they were.

D)

tourists don’t want to see it.

E)

it is situated in an unusual place.

159. The monks _____.

A)

used to hide in its 7 floors.

B)

lived in its caves.

C)

preferred the cliffs.

D)

did not want to climb the cliffs.

E)

used it as a place of worship.

After finishing school they got jobs working together at a medical

school hospital which their university had been affiliated with. The
four years of intense training they had obtained made them suitable
for positions not often given to new graduates. After a short in-
service program they were assigned to their wards and began working
with patients who had undergone major surgery. The new group of
nurses proved to be excellent professionals. At the same time, they
were able to maintain the close bonds of friendship that had developed
between them before graduation.

160. The new nurses were trained _____.

A)

in the hospital before they began to work.

B)

for four years in an intensive university program.

C)

for major surgery.

D)

to be professionals and to maintain their bonds.

E)

by the medical school.

161. Their training _____.

A)

was better than that of other students.

B)

taught them to care about each other.

C)

took place in an affiliated school.

D)

was in their service position.

E)

was not usually given to new graduates.

162. The best TITLE for this passage is _____.

A)

Training of Nurses.

B)

Graduation and the Nurse

C)

What They Did After School

D)

The New Professionals.

E)

A Job in the Hospital.

Algae are a group of plants that contain some of the largest and

smallest life forms known. Most Algae are made of one cell and can
only be seen under the microscope. Other types can grow over forty
meters long. An example that is known to most people is brown
seaweed. One of the most important groups of algae is plankton.
Many sea animals form their diet of this plant and the natural balance
of sea life would be greatly disturbed without it.

163. Algae is _____.

A)

only seen under the microscope.

B)

has many important uses.

C)

both one of the largest and smallest forms of life.

D)

an example of seaweed.

E)

is eaten by fish in order to maintain a balance in nature.

164. Plankton is _____.

A)

a group of important plants.

B)

known to most people.

C)

one of the major diets of fish.

D)

a form of sea life balance.

E)

a form of disturbance to sea life.

165. Without algae _____.

A)

many plants would not exist.

B)

a microscope would not be necessary.

C)

seaweed could have better coloring.

D)

all fish would starve.

E)

the balance of nature would be destroyed.

Styles of cooking have changed a great deal over the last few

years. Elaborate sauces and rich desserts are being replaced with
simple, low cost foods.  The fast paced life style of our world today has
limited the amount of time people have to prepare meals. Along with
this, the astronomical prices of gourmet, five course meals have made
it impractical for most families. Reasons of health also seem to play a
major part in the changes in food preference. Fresh, low-cost, locally
available ingredients make much more sense for people who wish to
maintain their health, vitality and proper weight.

166. People these days are paying more attention _____.

A)

to their health.

B)

to how they prepare well meals.

C)

to how elaborate sauces are made.

D)

to astronomical gourmets.

E)

to what families want to eat.

167. Five course meals are _____.

A)

not very practical to the modem family.

B)

low cost and healthy.

C)

a vital and healthy.

D)

easily available.

E)

easily prepared in limited time.

168. Modern families prefer _____.

A)

low cost, fresh foods.

B)

non healthy, vital foods.

C)

gourmet foods.

D)

limited meal times.

E)

locally available gourmet produce.

The rose is the first thing that comes into the minds of most

people when they hear the word flower. The rose has been known
throughout the Northern Hemisphere as far back as literature records.
The name for the rose is almost the same in every European language.
But the Europeans are not the only people to have given this flower
importance. Writers and poets of ancient civilizations such as the
Persians and Chinese also praised the flower. Dried roses have even
been found in Egyptians tombs.

169. The rose _____.

A)

is a flower that has been known to only a few lucky civilizations.

B)

has been written about on Egyptian tombs.

C)

is the first flower known to people.

D)    has been treasured by all civilizations.
E)

can be found in only certain areas of the world.

170. We know that ancient civilizations prized the rose because _____.

A)

the Persians wrote about it.

B)

poets have praised it.

C)

the Egyptians buried them.

D)

nor-them writers mention it.

E)

it is referred to in the earliest forms of literature.

171. The best TITLE for this passage is _____.

A)

A Rose by Any Name

B)

Roses and Man’s History

C)

The Universal Flower

D)

The Ancients and the Rose

E)

Literature and Roses

Reading Comprehension

Book 3

356

Good students usually have good study habits and know how to plan

their time efficiently. Some find it helpful to draw up a five or six day
program each week and plan what they will do when. Of course one
cannot always keep to such a plan; unexpected things often happen but
even the making of such a plan forces us to think about what we ought to
do during the week and this is the first step towards doing it.

172. A weekly study program can be very useful _____.

A)

after good study habits have been established.

B)

but doesn’t lead to better study habits.

C)

so long as it isn’t very detailed.

D)

even if one doesn’t keep to it exactly.

E)

if one knows, it can’t be changed.

173. Good students _____.

A)

only do what they ought to do and not what they want to do.

B)

waste a lot of time thinking about what they ought to do.

C)

owe their success to good study habits and careful planning of
their time.

D)    take five or six days to do what they could do in two or three days.
E)

can’t plan their time efficiently without someone to help them.

174. One advantage of drawing up a work plan for the week is that

_____.

A)

we realize that a lot of work we do is unnecessary.

B)

unexpected problems can be avoided.

C)

we can give ourselves two whole free days.

D)

it reminds us of what we have to do during the week.

E)

we soon grow used to working at regular times.

Many people who have to start the day early find it difficult to

wake up properly. For some of them the solutions is very
straightforward: they drink two cups of coffee and the feelings of the
fatigue disappear. This is the effect of caffeine; one of a family of
stimulants found not only in coffee but also in such drinks as tea, cola
and cocoa. Taken in reasonable amounts, the stimulating chemical
may help some people to work more efficiently.  However, excessive
quantities can cause several irritating, unhealthy side effects. Studies
show, in fact, that more than two cups of coffee a day can cause
unpleasant symptoms such as nervousness, irritability, stomach pain
and insomnia.

175. The passage suggests that it is inadvisable for one to _____.

A)

drink any tea, coffee or cocoa at all.

B)

drink more than two cups of coffee a day.

C)

start the day without a stimulant of some sort.

D)

use any other stimulant but caffeine.

E)    drink less than one cup of coffee.

176. Caffeine and other similar stimulants _____.

A)

can produce certain unpleasant side effects, if large doses are
taken.

B)

are completely harmless.

C)

always have a negative effect upon people.

D)

actually never lead to improved work efficiency.

E)

are so useful for health.

177. The passage points out that many people begin the day with two

cups of coffee _____.

A)

even when they don’t feel sleepy.

B)

because by doing so they soon feel wide awake.

C)

because there is less caffeine in coffee than in tea.

D)

if they know the day ahead is likely to be an irritating one.

E)

because alcohol is more harmful.

Like so many other materials in Japan, paper too has come in for many

hundreds of years of artistic consideration. At one period of the country’s
history, the paper on which a poem was written was as important as the,
poem itself. A thousand years ago there were whole towns actively engaged
in making paper. Such towns still exist, but there were also many farming
villages which then, as they do today, made paper to earn extra income
during the winter. At present, about half of Japan’s farmers must add to
their incomes with winter jobs. Although a large amount of winter
employment is provided by construction companies, some farmers continue
to work at such cottage industries as paper-making.

178. It is obvious from the passage that the art of a paper-making in

Japan _____.

A)

was such a trivial work.

B)

has disappeared owing to industrialization.

C)

was of no economic value at all in the past.

D)

was only practiced by the peasants in the country.

E)

has a long history.

179. The passage emphasizes that approximately fifty per cent of the

farming population in Japan _____.

A)

is not satisfied with current farming policies.

B)

prefers town life to village life.

C)

engages in a secondary occupation in the winter.

D)

plans to give up farming and go into construction work.

E)

were poor people.

180. It is suggested that paper-making _____.

A)

encouraged the development of poetry in Japan.

B)

is still one of Japan’s cottage industries.

C)

has never been a significant commercial interest in Japan.

D)

has seldom been regarded as an art by the Japanese.

E)

and construction are the two major areas of employment in Japan.

When Queen Victoria died in 1901, the world was entering a

new and exciting period of change. For instance, in that year, for the
first time, wireless signals had crossed the Atlantic and, in the following
year, an airship flew from Europe to America. Already the motor car
had come into use and was making life much easier. Telephones, also,
were becoming fairly common. Politically and economically, people
looked forward to a time of peace, wealth and progress. In fact, nothing
seemed to stand in the way of such a future.

181. It is obvious from the passage that the twentieth century _____.

A)

opened with a decline in industrial and economic activity.

B)

inherited, from the previous century, very many serious social
and political problems.

C)

began in a spirit of hope and confidence which was more or less
world-wide.

D)

was ushered in by a wave of despair and discontent.

E)

introduced a period of economic and political unrest.

182. At the beginning of the twentieth century, people _____.

A)

were still not fully aware of the benefits of the telephone.

B)

believed that technological and economic progress could not be
halted.

C)

preferred to make their long distance journeys by airship.

D)

were extremely upset by the death of Queen Victoria.

E)

felt ill at ease in the face of so much change.

183. From the passage one can conclude that at the turn of the new

century _____.

A)

the drawbacks of industrialization became evident.

B)

it seemed that nothing more could be invented.

C)

progress and change were to be seen on every side.

D)

Technological progress was hampered by an economic crisis.

E)

The main emphasis was on improved communications.

Book 3

Reading Comprehension

357

There can be few more depressing stories in the entire history of

man’s exploitation of nature than the wide-spread destruction of whales.
Whales have not only suffered untold cruelty but now face total
extermination. Already entire populations have been wiped out, and the
only reason why no species has yet been finished off is due to the vastness
and inaccessibility of the oceans. Hence, a few have always managed to
escape, but how much longer can this go on?

184. The author points out that of all the animals in nature it is probably

the whales that _____.

A)

have aroused most sympathy among ordinary people.

B)

have attracted the least scientific attention.

C)

alone can survive man’s hunting instincts.

D)

have suffered most from man’s cruelty.

E)

can finally avoid total extinction.

185. According to the passage, if whales have so far survived, it is

because _____.

A)

they have taken refuge in the vast expanses of the oceans.

B)

they breed fast and are difficult to catch.

C)

modem man has recognized the need to preserve them.

D)

various measures have been taken to save them from total
extermination.

E)

man has finally realized that nature must not be exploited.

186. In the passage the author expresses his doubts about whether

_____.

A)

many species of whales ought to be preserved.

B)

the exploitation of nature can be justified.

C)

whales can actually survive in the future.

D)

man really is as cruel to whales as some people have claimed.

E)

there is any point in trying to preserve all species of animals.

It is to be expected-that, by the year 2050, people’s eating habits

will have changed beyond recognition. With a world-wide growth in
population very many new mechanical and scientific methods will
come into being, to step up food production. There may well be an
end to food as we know it today. In fact, meals, as we know them, may
become a thing of the past. Food constituents and vitamins may be
taken in the form of capsules, tablets and pills. The thought of these
highly artificial food constituents replacing present day foods may not
be very relishing, but they may be the answer to food shortage and
world famine.

187. It is suggested in the passage that, at a not too distant date,

_____.

A)

the world will face severe famine.

B)

the rate of growth in the world population will have been slowed
down.

C)

the world’s food production will decline tremendously despite
the population growth.

D)

methods of advertising food products will change drastically.

E)

our traditional eating habits will have been completely replaced.

188. The author points out that artificial food _____.

A)

will unfortunately be deficient in vitamins.

B)

can be economically and easily produced.

C)

is not practical but it is delicious.

D)

may provide a solution to the problem of a world food shortage.

E)

will appeal greatly to the majority of people.

189. The main point emphasized in the passage is that _____.

A)

present-day eating habits must be preserved.

B)

in the twenty-first century the wide-spread use of artificial food
will be inevitable.

C)

famine and food shortage in the world can only be overcome by
reducing the population growth rate.

D)

artificial foods need not conflict with traditional eating habits.

E)

mechanical and scientific methods are indispensable for the
production of vitamins.

There is nothing that man fears more than the touch of the unknown.

He wants to see what is reaching towards him, and to be able to recognize
or at least classify it. Man always tends to avoid physical contact with
anything strange. In the dark, the fear of an unexpected touch can lead to
panic. Even clothes give insufficient security: it is easy to tear them and
pierce through to the naked, smooth, defenseless flesh of the victim. All
the distances which men create round themselves are dictated by this fear.
They shut themselves in houses which no one may enter, and only there
they feel some measure of security. The fear of burglars is not only the fear
of being robbed, but also the fear of something touching you in the darkness.

190. According to the passage, what frightens people most is _____.

A)

the thought of being robbed at night.

B)

the unexpected contact with something unknown.

C)

a sense of insecurity.

D)

being alone in the dark.

E)

the knowledge that they won’t be protected.

191. Because people are frightened of the unknown _____.

A)

they feel it necessary to put a barrier between themselves and
the unknown.

B)

it is natural that they should always be in a state of panic.

C)

they feel safer in a crowd.

D)

they try to avoid physical contact of all kinds.

E)

burglars find it much easier to break into houses.

192. This passage is concerned with _____.

A)

how people can regain a sense of security.

B)

the measures people are advised to take against burglars.

C)

the three main types of fear.

D)

people’s fear of the unknown and how they try to cope with it.

E)

how to bring one’s fears into the open.

Public libraries, maintained by the local authorities, are well

developed and progressive, and everywhere allow people to borrow
books without charge. The books in the lending section are always
kept on open shelves, and library staffs are very helpful in getting
books on request from other libraries through the exchange system.
Most libraries report an increase in borrowing over the past few
years, so television does not seem to be stopping people from reading,
as it was feared that it would.

193. It is explained in the passage that any book which is not available

in one library _____.

A)

won’t be available at any library

B)

can be brought from another

C)

discourages people from using libraries

D)

spoils the whole lending system of the public libraries

E)

should be reported to the librarian

194. As pointed out in the passage, people nowadays _____ .

A)

prefer entertaining television programs to reading

B)

are using public libraries more than they used to in the past

C)

read a lot but don’t use the libraries much

D)

complain a great deal about the poor services the libraries are
offering

E)

are using the exchange system less and less frequently

195. The passage gives us the impression that public libraries ____ .

A)

charge more than is necessary for the services given

B)

are no longer receiving any financial support from local authorities

C)

are working extremely efficiently at present

D)

do not cooperate with each other at all

E)

are understaffed and poorly equipped

Reading Comprehension

Book 3