can be microeconomic and macroeconomic. Microeconomic concerns include costs, prices, charges, and payment levels associated withindividual technologies. Other concerns include comparisons of resource requirements and outcomes (or benefits)oftechnologies for particular applications, such as cost effectiveness, cost utility, and cost benefit. Othermacroeconomic issues that pertain to health technologies include the effects of intellectual property policies (e.g., for patent protection), regulation, third-party payment, and other policy changes thataffecttechnological innovation, adoption, diffusion, and use.