Section 1
Example 1:
Botanists studied a rainforest in Nicaragua that had been ravaged by Hurricane Joan in
1988. They found that in the following ten years the number of tree species had
increased by at least 200%, and up to 300%, in eight storm-affected plots. Other plots
not affected by the hurricane showed little if any such increase.
1. From this information, it can be concluded that
A
hurricanes play an important role in ensuring the long-term survival of tropical
rainforests.
B
when the dominant trees in an area of tropical rainforest are destroyed, other species
are given a chance to flourish.
C
the overall life of a tropical rainforest is increased if large areas are occasionally
levelled to the ground.
D
the productivity of a tropical rainforest will be maximised if large areas are
occasionally levelled to the ground.
Example 2:
Delia goes bushwalking, and afterwards finds that she has painful insect bites over most
of her body. She is told that both Esi-oil and Pine-elix are good for easing the pain of
these bites. To test whether there is any difference, she applies Esi-oil to the bites on her
left side, and Pine-elix to those on her right side. The next day, the bites on her left side
feel considerably better, while those on her right side feel only a little better.
2. Which of the following is consistent with these results?
A
Neither product relieves insect bite pain; Esi-oil actually delays recovery considerably,
and Pine-elix delays recovery somewhat less.
B
Neither product relieves insect bite pain; Pine-elix actually delays recovery
considerably and Esi-oil delays recovery somewhat less.
C
Both products relieve insect bite pain, Pine-elix more so than Esi-oil.
D
Pine-elix and Esi-oil are equally effective products for relieving insect bite pain.