17. Which of the following describes the flow of lymph through a lymph node draining an
infected tissue?
a) efferent lymphatic vessel
→
lymph node
→
afferent lymphatic vessel
b) venule
→
lymph node
→
efferent lymphatic vessel
c) afferent lymphatic vessel
→
lymph node
→
efferent lymphatic vessel
d) artery
→
lymph node
→
efferent lymphatic vessel
e) afferent lymphatic vessel
→
lymph node
→
artery
18. Immune cells within the lymphatic circulation are directly deposited into which of the
following anatomical sites so that the cells may reenter the bloodstream?
a) right aorta
b) left subclavian vein
c) left carotid artery
d) high endothelial venule
e) hepatic vein
19. Which of the following best describes the movement of a T cell through a lymph
node?
a) Enters via efferent lymphatics and exits via bloodstream
b) Enters via afferent lymphatics and exits via bloodstream
c) Enters via bloodstream and exits via afferent lymphatics
d) Enters via bloodstream and exits via bloodstream
e) Enters via bloodstream and exits via efferent lymphatics
20. Which of the following is the predominant route by which pathogens are brought
from a site of infection into a lymph node?
a) efferent lymphatics
b) artery
c) vein
d) afferent lymphatics
e) high endothelial venule
21. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
a) T-cell activation: cell division and differentiation
b) effector B cell: plasma cell
c) plasma cell: antibody secretion
d) helper T cell: kills pathogen-infected cells
e) helper T cell: facilitates differentiation of B cells
22. Explain how the adaptive and innate immune systems work together to generate an
effective immune response.
In most cases, a prior innate response to infection is necessary for lymphocytes to
be activated to produce an adaptive immune response. In the innate response,
macrophages activated by pathogen-associated molecules release cytokines that
