• Sue comes into the emergency room with heart problems. Sue’s doctor asks for her family health history but does not ask Sue if she is currently taking any medications. Sue thought that she should tell her doctor about her blood pressure medication, but she does not because he did not ask. The doctor prescribes a new medication, and one-week later Sue suffers a stroke as a result of a reaction between her blood pressure medication and her new medication.

o standard of care: doctors are required to ask patients about their personal health history

o Patients are required to actively participate in their ow