Explanation:
Absence of phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme causes phenylketonuria. Phenylalanine hydroxylase
(PAH) is a hepatic enzyme needed for phenylalanine metabolism. In the absence of PAH,
phenylalanine accumulates and is converted to phenyl pyruvate (also called as phenyl ketone).
Absence of homogentisate dioxygenase causes alkaptonuria.