Question 9
The primary purpose of the passage is to
A.
criticize the inflexibility of American economic mythology
B.
contrast "Old World" and "New World" economic ideologies
C.
challenge the integrity of traditional political leaders
D.
champion those Americans whom the author deems to be neglected
E.
suggests a substitue for the traditional metaphor of a race
Correct Answer : A
Passage For Question 10 to 15
Woodraw Wilson was referring to the liberal idea of the economic market when he said that the free
enterprise system is the most efficient economic system. Maximum freedom means maximum
productiveness; our "openness" is to be the measure of our stability. Fascination with this ideal has
made Americans defy the "Old World" categories of settled possessiveness versus unsettling
deprivation., the cupidity of retention versus the cupidity of seizure, a "status quo" defended of
attacked. The United States, it was believed, had no status quo ante. Our only "station" was the
turning of a stationary wheel, spinning faster and faster. We did not base our system on property
but opportunity-which meant we based it not on stability but on mobility. The more things changed,
that is, the more rapidly the wheel turned, the steadier we would be. The conventional picture of
class politics is composed of the Haves, who want a stability to keep what they have, and Have-Nots,
who want a touch of instability and change in which to scramble for the things they have not. But
Americans imagined a condition in which speculators, self-makers, runners are always using the new
opportunities given by our land. These economic leaders (front-runners) would thus be mainly
agents of Change. The nonstarters were considered the ones who wanted stability, a strong referee
to give them some position in the race, a regulative hand to calm manic speculation; an authority
that can call things to a half begin things again from compensatorily staggered "starting
lines".:Reform" in America has been sterile because it can imagine no change except through the
extension of this metaphor of the race, wider inclusion of competitors, "a piece of the action." As it
were, of the disenfranchised. There is no attempt to call off the race. Since our only stability is
change. America seems not to honor the quite work that achieves social interdependence and
stability. There is, in our legends, no heroism of the office clerk, no stable industrial work force of the
people who actually make the system work. There is no pride in being an employee (Wilson asked
for a return to the time when everyone was an employer). There has been no boasting about our
social workers-they are need; empty boasts from the past make us ashamed of our present
achievements, make us try to forget or deny the, move away from them. There is no honor but in
the wonderland race we must all run, all trying to win, none winning in the end (for there is no end).