Study Set Content:
Dormant, tough, non-reproductive structure produced by small number of bacteria.
Bacterial Endospores
Resistant to radiation, desiccation, lysozyme, temperature, starvation, and chemical disinfectants.
Bacterial Endospores
Endospores are commonly found in (blank), where they may survive for very long periods of time.
soil and water
bacterial edospores
Ex. Bacterial Genus:
Clostridium
Bacterial Genus: Clostridium
Gram-positive
Obligate anaerobes
bacillus-shaped
endospore producer
The members of this genus have a couple of bacterial “superpowers” that make them particularly tough pathogens.
Clostridium
They produce endospores also produce toxins
Clostridium
Also produce a variety of toxins, some of which are fatal.
Clostridium
agent of tetanus
Clostridium tetani
agent of botulism
C. botulinum
· one of the agents of gas gangrene
C. perfringens
· part of natural intestinal flora, but resistant strains can proliferate and cause pseudomembranous colitis.
C. difficile
Some prokaryotes have distinct appendages that allow them to move about or adhere to solid surfaces.
Surface Appendages
Consist of delicate stands of proteins.
Surface Appendages
· Long, thin extensions that allow some bacteria to move about freely in aqueous environments. (Singular: flagellum)
Flagella
· Most Gram-negative bacteria have these short, fine appendages surrounding the cell. Gram+ bacteria don’t have. Help bacteria stick to solid surfaces. Major factor in virulence. (Singular: fimbria)
Fimbriae
Eu
true
karyon
Nucleus
Genetic material contained in a nuclear membrane; membrane bound organelles.
Eukaryotic Cells
include animal, plant, fungi, algae cells as well as other microscopic eukaryotes
Eukaryotic Cells
