Study Set Content:
Acetate – Mevalonate – Isopentenyl pyrophosphate – to
Squalene
Acetate – Mevalonate – Isopentenyl pyrophosphate – Squalene to
Cholesterol
The first steroids to be isolated from nature were a series of C27 to C29 alcohols that were found in the lipid fractions of many tissues.
Sterols
he most widely occurring sterol that was first isolated from human gallstones. It is one of the chief constituents of lanolin and is present in atherosclerotic plaques
Cholestero
is a C28 compound that is also known as provitamin D2
Ergosterol
is C29 compound and the most common sterol in plants. It is obtained from wheat germ oil, rye germ oil, corn oil, and cottonseed oil.
B-Sitosterol
was first isolated from calabar beans but is also found in soybean soil.
Stigmasterol
These steroid acids are found in the bile of mammals and are synthesized in the liver.
Bile acids
They facilitate the formation of micelles that promote digestion and absorption of dietary fats
Bile acids
For primary bile acids, examples include () and () acid, which are formed in the human liver
cholic acid, chenodesoxycholic
For secondary bile acids, examples include () and (), which are produced in the intestinal tract by the action of microorganisms.
desoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid
ontains an amount of sodium salts of glycocholic acid and taurocholic acid equivalent to not less than 45% of cholic acid.
Ox bile extract
is used as an anticholelithogenic agent to dissolve radiolucent, non-calcified gallstones.
Chenodiol or chenodesoxycholic acid
Occur as glycosides with sugars attached at the 3- position of the steroid nucleus
Cardiac glycosides
Two types of steroid aglycones or genins include
cardenolide and bufadienolides
re C23 steroids that have a 17β side chain, and an α and β-unsaturated 5-membered lactone ring.
Cardenolides
are C24 homologs of the cardenolides, and carry a double unsaturated 6- membered lactone ring.
Bufadienolides
Foxglove SN
Digitalis purpurea
Grecian foxglove SN
Digitalis lanata
Foxglove Family
Scrophu lariaceae
