The problem with this structure is the violation of the principle of unity of command. Non-management employees often find themselves being given directions by both line and staff personnel. A common example of this is between a hospital or a chain's chief financial officer and the manager of the pharmacy. Both may try to dictate policy concerning cost control, cash flow management, etc., so the employee-pharmacist may get conflicting directives. The most effective way to control this problem is to give line managers (i.e., pharmacy manager) absolute authority and use staff members (i.e., accountant) as advisors to line management only. The recommendations or suggestions from staff managers should depend on the approval of the concerned line manager before implementation.

Line-and-Staff Organization.

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