ANATOMY
53
Comparative Anatomy of a Child
1.
Which bone in a child is the same size as adult at birth?
a.
Middle ear
T
b.
Squamous bone
F
c.
Ethmoid bone
F
d.
Lacrimal bone
F
e.
Parietal bone
F
2.
Regarding ossification centres
a.
Capitate is last to ossify – 10 years
F - No first (@2yrs CRITOE
b.
Medial epicondyle fuses at 20 years
F - Would have thought earlier becase critoe (ie begins at 6 yrs)
c.
2 centres of radius ossify by 15years
T - by exclusion
d.
pisiform ossifies by 1years
F - start at hamate at 2 yrs and work clockwise. Pisiform is last in
wrist at 12years
e.
clavicle is the last bone to ossify
F - it is the FIRST long bone to begin to ossify (starts in utero)
3.
The first bone to ossify is the
a.
Humerus
F
b.
Mastoid
F
c.
clavicle
T
d.
ethmoid
F
e.
sphenoid
F
4.
Which bones form the borders to the anterior fontanelle in a
child?
a.
2 frontals, 2 parietals
T - posterior is 1 occipital and two parietal
b.
1 frontal, 2 parietals and squamous bones
F
c.
2 frontal, 2 temporal and occipital
F
d.
1 frontal, 1 parietal, 2 frontal
F
5.
Regarding the newborn skull, which is false? P903 NM
a.
Has a similar size face to the adult
F - Vault is large in proportion to the face when compared to adult p31 Moore
b.
It has similar vertical proportions to the adult
T
c.
The bones of the vault ossify in membrane and the bones
of the base in cartilage
F
d.
The anterior fontanelle has as its borders, frontal, parietal,
temporal, sphenoid bones
F - frontal x2 + parietal x 2
e.
The posterior fontanelle has as its borders, occipital,
parietal, temporal bones
F - Occipital x 1, parietal x 2
f.
Ant. fontanelle palpable at 3 years
F - closes at 9-16months. But lasts and moore say 18months
g.
Ant. fontanelle “longest”
T
h.
Ant. fontanelle persists in 8%
F - but in 8% a remnant of the anterior suture (metopic suture) does.
Persistence of the anterior fontanelle is MUCH lower
6.
Concerning the anatomy of infants, which is FALSE?
a.
spinal cord ends at L1/L2
F - ends lower L3
7.
Baby face ?p903NM
a.
Growth of maxillary sinuses most important factor
that increases length
?
b.
Deciduous teeth appear after major face growth?
F - Prob not since they appear at roughly 6/12
c.
frontal sinus?
d.
mastoid process pulled out by sternocleidomastoid
T - There are no mastoids at birth (therefore CNVII at risk by forceps delivery).
During the first year the mastoid processes form as the SCM’s develop on
pull on the petromastoid part of the temporal bones
