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23
In the context of Passage I, Mind at Large means
A
memories which are unnecessary for modern living.
B
a detailed type of awareness which enriches everyone’s life.
C
a mass of chaotic impulses which human beings no longer need for survival.
D
all-embracing memory and perception which are theoretically accessible to everyone.
24
How does Passage I indicate the nature of Mind at Large?
A
explicitly, by describing what appears to certain people, once their access to Mind at Large is
unblocked
B
by example, arguing from actual experiences which have been recorded by people through the ages
C
analytically, by describing the physical structure of Mind at Large
D
indirectly, by a general comparison with our limited awareness
PASSAGE II
It is a mistake to think of human memory as a unitary thing. Many different kinds of
processes are involved. Moreover, there are at least three distinctly different memory
systems, a sensory information storage, a short-term memory, and a long-term memory.
The sensory information storage maintains a rather accurate and complete picture of the
world as it is received by the sensory system.
The short-term memory system holds a different sort of material from the sensory
information store. Short-term memory seems to retain an immediate interpretation of events.
If a sentence has been spoken, you do not so much hear the sounds that make up the sentence
as you remember the words.
Long-term memory is the most important of the memory systems, and it is also the most
complex. The capacity of the sensory information store and short-term memory systems are
very limited, but there appears to be no practical limit on the capacity of long-term memory.
Obviously there has to be some limit: the brain is a finite device. But there are
approximately ten billion neurons in the brain, each capable of storing a reasonable amount
of information. There are also giant molecules which can individually store vast amounts of
information. For all practical purposes, then, we can consider that the memory capacity of the
human brain is unlimited.
Everything that is retained for more than a few minutes at a time obviously must reside in
the long-term memory system. All learned experiences, including the rules of language, must
be a part of long-term memory.
The real difficulties associated with long-term memory stem mainly from one source:
retrieval. The amount of information contained in the memory is so large that it should be a
major problem to find anything. Yet things can be found rapidly; even in the language area of
reading, the meanings of the symbols on the printed page must be interpreted through direct
and immediate access to long-term memory.
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