1.4 Additional Information

L E A R N I N G   O B J E C T I V E S

1. Slurs, phrase markings and ties.
2. Dynamics and common articulations.
3. Artificial division (“tuplets”).
4. Syncopation
5. Introduction to Asymmetrical Meter

Slurs, Phrase Markings and Ties

Curves lines have several uses in music notation. Curves lines may be drawn above
or below segments of a composition (

slurs

or

phrase markings

). A curved line may

also connect two note values across a bar-line (

ties

).

1. A

slur

10

is a performance indication in music, used to instruct the

performer to connect those notes encompassed by the slur. A wind
player will not articulate (“tongue”) these notes, a string player will
play them all in one bow stroke, a pianist will strive to connect the
notes fluidly.

Figure 1.41

Slurs

Slurs should be drawn connecting or encompassing note-heads. A
common mistake by students is to draw slurs connecting stems. The
exception to this general practice occurs when a slur is drawn over
note stems that change direction. (See measure 1 of

Figure 1.41

"Slurs"

.)

2. A

phrase marking

11

is also a performance indication. A composer will

encase a passage of music within a phrase marking to indicate a
complete idea, a complete musical statement. This does not have any
effect upon articulation: many times slurs may be found within the
bounds of a phrase marking. Phrase markings are placed above the
staff.

10. Slurs are curved lines above or

below notes showing
connection.

11. Phrase markings are curved

lines over segments of music
showing complete ideas or
statements.

Chapter 1 The Elements of Rhythm: Sound, Symbol, and Time

43