Study Set Content:
discovered albuminuria in 1694 by boiling urine
Frederik Dekkers
wrote a book about “pisse prophets”,inspired the passing of the first medicallicensure laws in England
Thomas Bryant
developed the first method of quantitative urine microscopic examination
thomas addis
introduced urinalysis as part of a doctor’s routine patient examination in 1827
Richard Bright
discovered Bence-Jones proteins; Father of Clinical Chemistry
Henry Bence- Jones
Urine formation
-Ultrafiltrate of plasma
-Final urine contains excess solutes
-1200 mL (daily urine output)
Urine composition
made up of 95% water and 5% solutes
-Organic
-Inorganic
Organic components of urine
Urea, Creatinine and Uric Acid
primary component of urine
Urea
product of creatine metabolism
creatinine
product of nucleic acid breakdown (purines)
Uric acid
Inorganic components of urine
chloride, sodium and potassium
primary inorganic component
chloride
primarily from salt intake
sodium
combined with chloride and other salts
potassium
combines with sodium; buffers the blood
phosphate
regulates blood and tissue fluid acidity
ammonium
combines with chloride, sulfate, phosphate
calcium
Urine volume is independent on the amount of water the kidneys excrete.
Select the Correct Answer:
Factors influencing urine volume
-fluid intake
-fluid loss from non-renalsources
-ADH secretion
-necessity to excrete increased amounts of dissolved solids such as glucose or salts
