Study Set Content:
highly permeable and passively reabsorb water
descending segment
all parts of nephron passively reabsorb water
Select the Correct Answer:
forms the macula densa of juxtaglomerular apparatus. it actively reabsorb salts and other inorganic ions
early distal tubule
maintains the glomerular blood pressure at a relatively constant rate
juxtaglomerular apparatus
Low BP
afferent arterioles dilate, efferent arterioles constrict
high BP
afferent arterioles constrict, efferent arterioles dilate
reabsorption of water and sodium is affected by the hormones ADH and aldosterone
Late distal tubule and collecting ducts
Late distal tubule and collecting ducts
active reabsorption: Na= (aldosterone), HCO3-
passive reabsorption: water (ADH)
secretion: H+, K+ (aldosterone)
is the selective reabsorption process that maintains the osmotic gradient of medulla. it carried out the loop of Henle and the vasa recta
countercurrent mechanism
regulates the flow of blood to and within the glomerulus. it is monitored by the juxtaglomerular apparatus and triggered by the decrease in blood pressure
Renin- Angiotensin- Aldosterone System
it is the enzyme produced by the juxtaglomerular cells. it reacts with angiotensinogen to produce angiotensin I
Renin
what is the active form of Angiotensin I
Angiotensin II
enzyme the converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
angiotensin- converting enzyme (alveoli)
converted to angiotensin II by alveoli
angiotensin I
causes vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole, releases aldosterone, produces ADH and reabsorb sodium in the proximal
Angiotensin II
water is reabsorbed in all areas of renal tubule except
in the ascending loop of Henle
the body's state of hydration is tightly regulated by
OSMORECEPTORS, especially found in the hypothalamus, which responds to plasma osmolality
the ability of the nephron to conserve water and concentrate urine depends on
countercurrent mechanism and medullary interstitia
large volume of urine
polyuria
maintenance of water balance
