Study Set Content:
: the whole biomolecule (made up of monomers)
Polymers
Carbohydrates• Monomers
Monosaccharides (Simple Sugars like Glucose and Fructose)
Carbohydrates Polymers
Polysaccharides (Complex Carbs like Starch and Wheat)
provide cells with a quick burst (short term) of energy
– Monosaccharides
provide cells with more intermediate energy.
Polysaccharides
Lipids • Monomers =
Fatty Acids and Glycerol Molecules
Lipids Polymers =
Phospholipids, Oils, Fats
form the outer-covering (cell membranes) of cells.
Phospholipids
provide cells with a source of long term energy storage.
Oils and Fats
Phospholipids: • Glycerol Head =
Polar and Hydrophilic (“Water Loving”)
– Phospholipids:Fatty Acid Tails
Non-Polar and Hydrophobic (“Water Fearing”)
Nucleic acids• Monomers =
Nucleotides
– Nucleotides: made of 3 parts
sugar group (pentose) , Phosphate, and a Nitrogenous Base
Polymers =
DNA and RNA
– Provide cells with genetic instructions to make proteins.
Nucleic acids
Proteins • Monomers
amino acids
Proteins Polymers =
\= Proteins or “Polypeptides”, and Enzymes
Create Cell Structure
Proteins
Provide the physical expression of DNA / RNA
Protein
catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions
Enzymes
