Study Set Content:
The food we eat serves two main purpose
1. It fulfills energy needs
2. It provides the raw materials to build the compounds our bodies need.
Before either of these processes can take place, food – carbohydrates, fats, and proteins – must be broken down into
small molecules
Before either of these processes can take place, food – carbohydrates, fats, and proteins – must be broken down into small molecules that can be absorbed through the
intestinal walls.
In all cases, the specific pathway for carbohydrate, fat, and protein catabolism converge to the common metabolic pathway
– the citric acid cycle.
Carbohydrate through digestion and absorption breakdowns into
Simple sugars (mainly glucose)
Protein through digestion and absorption breakdowns into
Amino acids
Fat through digestion and absorption breakdowns into
Fatty acids + glycerol
Simple sugars(mainly glucose), amino acids, fatty acids +glycerol through catabolism becomes
Acetyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA through
Citric acid cycle
Citric acid cycle products
2 CO2 , 2H, and ATP
Glycolysis or
Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas Pathway)
is the metabolic process that serves as the foundation for both aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration.
Glycolysis
•In glycolysis, glucose is converted into
pyruvate
Enzyme in Step 1 of Glycolysis
Hexokinase
Step 1 The glucose ring is
phosphorylated
is the process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule derived from ATP
Phosphorylation
As a result, at this point in glycolysis, (blank) has been consumed
1 molecule of ATP
is also involved to help shield the negative charges from the phosphate groups on the ATP molecule
Atomic magnesium (Mg)
The result of this phosphorylation is a molecule called
glucose6-phosphate (G6P).
Step 2: enzyme
Phosphoglucose Isomerase
