is a process for evaluating and correcting table structures to minimize data redundancies, thereby reducing the likelihood of data anomalies.
normalization
produces a lower normal form
denormalization
table format, no repeating groups, PKD identified
first normal form
1NF and no partial dependencies
2NF SECOND NORMAL FORM
2NF AND NO TRANSITIVE DEPENDENCIES
3NF THIRD NORMAL FORM
Two types of functional dependencies:
PARTIAL DEPENDENCY AND TRANSITIVE DEPENDENCY
exists when there is a functional dependence in which the determinant is only part of the primary key
PARTIAL DEPENDENCY
exists when there are functional dependencies such that X → Y, Y → Z, and X is the primary key.
TRANSITIVE DEPENDENCY
derives its name from the fact that a group of multiple entries of the same type can exist for any single key attribute occurrence
REPEATING GROUPS