Study Set Content:
Reaction with `15% NaI in Anhydrous Acetone n-,sec-,tert-butyl chloride, chlorobenzene
White precipitate in 10 seconds, Pale yellow precipitate in 15 seconds, White crystals in 15 seconds, White precipitate in 15 seconds
Beilstein test other name
Copper Halide Test
are organic molecules that contain a hydroxyl (-OH) group.
Alcohols
are molecules that contain an –OH group that is directly attached to a benzene ring
Phenols
Alcohols can be classified as
- primary, secondary, or tertiary.
This classification is based on whether the alcohol carbon is attached to
- one, two, or three alkyl groups.
Naming Alcohol
Rule 1
- Select the longest carbon chain containing the hydroxyl group, and derive the parent name by replacing the -e ending of the corresponding alkane with –ol
Rule 2
- Number the chain from the end nearer the hydroxyl group
Rule 3
- Number substituents according to position on chain, listing the substituents in alphabetical
Lucas Test Reagent
Lucas Reagent(HCl + ZnCl2)
Lucas Test Positive Result
Cloudy turbid solution of Alkyl Chloride
Chromic Acid/Jones Test Reagent
CrO3 + HCl or 10% K2Cr2O7 + conc. H2SO4
2,4 DNP Test Reagent
2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine
Chromic Acid/Jones Test positive result
Orange color turns to blue-green color (1 and 2 alcohols, aldehydes)
2,4 DNP Test positive result
yellow or orange-red color
Fehling's Test Reagent
Fehlings A: Copper(II) + H2O
Fehlings B: Potassium sodium tartrate
Fehling's Test positive result
Brick red ppt.
Positive:aldehydes
Negative: Ketones
Iodoform Test
I2/KI solution
Iodoform positive result
Formation of yellow ppt. (indicate the presence of methyl group attached to carbonyl)
Positive: Aldehyde and alcohol
A mild oxidizing agent that can oxidize aldehydes, but not alcohols or other carbonyl compounds.
Tollen’s Test
Tollen’s Test Positive result
- formation of elemental silver w/c ppts out as “silver mirror” or as a black colloidal ppt
isopropyl alchohol other names
isopropanol
