Study Set Content:
SEED PLANTS
GYMNOSPERMS
seeds do not develop enclosed within an ovary but are usually borne exposed on the surfaces of reproductive structures, such as cones.
GYMNOSPERMS
Conifers
Division Coniferophyta
Cycads)
Division Cycadophyta
Gingko
Division Gingkophyta
Gnetophytes
Division Gnetophyta
The Conifers – Pines
Division Coniferophyta
largest genus of conifers
The Conifers – Pines (Division Coniferophyta
Pinus (pines) has over number of species
100
They include the world's oldest known living organisms
bristlecone pines
native to the White Mountains of eastern central California and the Snake range on the central Nevada-Utah bord
bristlecone pines
ne that was, unfortunately, cut down in 1964 was found to have been about years old
4,900
Pine leaves are
needlelike Arranged in clusters of two to five leaves each
Regardless of the number of leaves, each cluster forms a
culindrical rod
Pines often live in areas where the topsoil is frozen for a part of the year?
Yes
Modifications : beneath the epidermis consisting of one to several layers of thickwalled cells.
hypodermis
Modification the epidermis itself is
coated with a thick cuticle.
Modification are recessed or sunken in small cavities.
stomata
Modification The veins and their associated tissues are surrounded by an
endodermis
Modifications do not have the obvious air spaces typical of the spongy mesophyll of the leaves of flowering plants.
Mesophyll cells
