Study Set Content:
Any virus, therapeutic serum, toxin, antitoxin or analogous product.
BIOLOGICS
Such products includes vaccines of bacterial, rickettsial and viral origin, immune serums for the prevention or treatment of disease, various miscellaneous and diagnostic products, human blood and products derived from human blood.
BIOLOGICS
OURCE: ANIMALS –
serums, antitoxins,globulins
MICROSCOPIC PLANT ORGANISMS
vaccines, toxins, toxoids, tuberculins
The material that provokes the immune response
ANTIGENS
When introduced into the tissue of humans or other vertebrates it causes the formation of(), therefore reacting with the antigen
antibodies
nduce antibody formation
Immunogenicity
antigenic determinants (sites)
Specificity
Considered foreign by the antibody-forming host
ANTIGENS
Chemical:
protein
Physical
high MW (>10,000 daltons)
Examples:
exotoxins, proteins and polysaccharides on the cell surface and capsules of bacteria, and the protein coat of virus particles
: simplest form of antigenic determinant
Epitope
antigens < 10,000 daltons MW; lack immunogenicity
Haptens:
found predominantly in the serum fraction of the blood, body fluids, in other tissues such as lymph nodes and mucous membranes
ANTIBODIES
ANTIBODIES 4 fractions:
Serum albumin Alpha globulins Beta globulins Gamma globulins
antibodies that occur in gamma globulin fraction
Immunoglobulins
IgG Da and amino acids
150,000 Da 1,400 amino acids
IgA Chain A
70,000 Da
IgA Chain B
15,000 Da
