Study Set Content:
high refraction index and most of them are
optically active
colorless liquids, but when exposed to air and direct sunlight these become darker due to
oxidation
Alcohols examples
Peppermint, Rose, Cardamom, Orange flower, Juniper
Aldehydes examples
Orange oil, Citronella, Hamamelis water, Lemongrass
Hydrocarbons examples
Turpentine oil
Ketones examples
Camphor, Caraway, Fennel, Wormwood
Esters examples
Lavender, Gaultheria, Rosemary oil, Garlic
Oxides
Eucalyptus oil, Chenopodium oil, Cardamom oil
Phenols examples
Clove, Ajowan, Juniper tar, Myrcia oil
Phenolic ethers examples
Nutmeg, Anise, Fennel
NATURE
o_____ at ordinary temperatures
mobile liquids
COLOR o color of freshly obtained volatile oils are more or less
colorless,
prolonged storage they usually undergo both _____ thereby rendering it dark in color
oxidation and resinification
The darkened volatile oil can be_____ to obtain once again the colorless sample
redistilled
ODOR o possess _____ characteristic odor which vary considerably from one specimen to another.
very pleasant
Detection: When a drop of the volatile oil is soaked on a filter paper, an expert may judge its quality and genuinity and may also differentiate between the authentic pure sample from the adulterated one by their
individual odors.
mostly volatile completely, with the exception of a few of them e.g., ‘oil of lemon’ and ‘oil of orange’, that contain also an additional non-volatile substance of
gummy nature.
Both the volatile and their pure components do possess
high vapor pressures
evaporate completely and rapidly when exposed to
atmosphere
Detection: (blank) do not leave a stain when soaked on a piece of filter paper, whereas a fixed oil does. Thus, it also checks its
Volatile oils, adulteration
