Study Set Content:
Function as chemical transmitter of selective stimuli between the various endocrine glands and specific body organs and tissues. - Also function as chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream to tissues or organs
Hormones
Physiologic control of hormone formation or release to regulate hormone level is a vital aspect of maintaining metabolic homeostasis and integrity of
body function
Hormones 2 general regulatory mechanisms include
feedback mechanism and feedback regulation
Are special groups of cells which make hormones.
Endocrine glands
The major endocrine glands are
pituitary glands, pineal body, thyroid, gonads, parathyroid, pancreas, and adrenal glands
If (), the treatment includes replacement therapy using endocrine preparations to supplement or totally replace abnormally low levels of endogenous hormones
hypofunctioning
The treatment includes antimetabolites, surgical removal and radiation
hyperfunctioning
Are a pair of small glands situated over the superior medial aspect of each kidney that secretes steroid hormones.
Adrenal glands
Its two parts include the
adrenal medulla and the adrenal cortex.
secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine and functions as a sympathetic postganglionic structure. It is not essential for life and no diseases of deficiency are known.
adrenal medulla
It is a catecholamine hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a CNS neurotransmitter. - It is a potent stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a powerful vasopressor, increasing BP, stimulating the heart muscle, accelerating the heart rate and increasing cardiac output
Epinephrine or adrenaline
It is used chiefly as a topical vasoconstrictor, cardiac stimulant and bronchodilator.
Epinephrine or adrenaline
Epinephrine or adrenaline It is a white, microcrystalline, odorless powder that () upon exposure to light and air
darkens
No epinephrine-containing solution should be used if a ()or a precipitate has formed.
brown color
It is a white or faintly, crystalline powder that slowly darkens to air and light. - The solutions of this hormone should not be used if the color becomes brown or contains precipitate
Levarterenol or norepinephrine
It is used in the restoration of BP in acute hypotensive state, adjunct in the treatment of cardiac arrest, and strong peripheral vasoconstrictor
Levarterenol or norepinephrine
A biosynthetic precursor of norepinephrine and epinephrine that has sympathomimetic properties.
Dopamine
It acts directly to stimulate alpha and beta-1 receptors and indirectly by causing the release of stored norepinephrine.
Dopamine
It is used to treat cardiac decompensation and patients with acute hypotension
Dopamine
Consists of two lobes that are lateral and inferior to the anterior aspect of the larynx by an isthmus to produce a U-shaped structure averaging 30g in weight.
Thyroid gland
