Study Set Content:
note: lemon oil that has a ____ must not be used or dispensed, such an odor indicates decomposed terpenes or added turpentine oil
terebinthinate odor
6 PROCESSES UTILIZED IN THE RECOVERY OF OIL OF LEMON
• grating
• sponge process
• ecuelle e piquer
• machine process
• cold pressed
• distillation
Menthone, carvone, piperitone, pulegone, diosphenol
Monocyclic terpene ketones
Camphor, fenchone, thujone
Dicyclic ketone
CAMPHOR a ketone obtained from
Cinnamomum camphora,
Fam
Lauraceae
uses:
topical antipruritic, rubefacient, and anti-infective
is made from pinene (turpentine)
synthetic camphor
SPEARMINT - dried, leaf and flowering, top of
Mentha spicata, M. viridis, M. cardiaca
Fam.
Labiatae
constituents:
resin, tannin, volatile oil that contains carvone
uses:
flavor, carminative
DRUG SOURCES of KETONE VOLATILE OIL:
• Camphor
• spearmint
• caraway
• buchu
• wormwood
• cedar leaf
2 kinds of phenols that occurs in volatile oils:
1. those that are ____
2. those that are____ as the result of destructive distillation of certain plant products.
PRESENT NATURALLY, PRODUCED
the most important phenols in volatile oils
thymol & carvacrol
Thymol - a phenol obtained from:
1. thyme oil
2. horsemint oil
3. ajowan oil-
4. synthetically prepared from m-cresol or p-cymene
thyme oil
Thymus vulgaris
horsemint oil
Monarda punctata, Monarda didyma
ajowan oil-
Carum copticum
2 ways of treating the oil to obtain thymol crystals:
1. it maybe subjected to freezing temperatures causing the thymol to crystallize.
2. it maybe treated with sodium hydroxide solution
