Study Set Content:
Found in many noradrenergic neurons. Present in some secretomotor neurons in the ENS and may inhibit secretion of water and electrolytes by the gut.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY)
A cotransmitter at inhibitory ENS and other neuromuscular junctions; may be especially important at sphincters
Nitric oxide (NO)
Causes long-lasting vasoconstriction. It is also a cotransmitter in some parasympathetic postganglionic neurons.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY)
Cholinergic nerves innervating blood vessels appear to activate the synthesis of NO by vascular endothelium
Nitric oxide (NO)
The primary transmitter at most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings
Norepinephrine (NE
is not stored, it is synthesized on demand by nitric oxide synthase
Nitric oxide (NO)
An important transmitter or cotransmitter at excitatory neuron-to-neuron junctions in the ENS.
Serotonin (5-HT)
Substance P is an important sensory neurotransmitter in the ENS and elsewhere
Substance P, related tachykinin
Excitatory secretomotor transmitter in the ENS; may also be an inhibitory ENS neuromuscular cotransmitter.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
appear to be excitatory cotransmitters with ACh at ENS neuromuscular junctions
Tachykinins
Found with CGRP in cardiovascular sensory neurons. Substance P is a vasodilator
Substance P, related tachykinins
A probable cotransmitter in many cholinergic neurons. A vasodilator (found in many perivascular neurons) and cardiac stimulant.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
Autonomic receptor subtypes, including:
muscarinic cholinoceptors
• nicotinic cholinoceptors
alpha and beta dopamine adrenoceptors
The primary acetylcholine receptor subtypes were named after the alkaloids originally used in their identification
muscarine and nicotine,
The primary acetylcholine receptor subtypes were named after the alkaloids originally used in their identification: muscarine and nicotine, thus
muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
The term adrenoceptor is widely used to describe receptors that respond to catecholamines such as
norepinephrine.
By analogy, the term (blank)denotes receptors (both muscarinic and nicotinic) that respond to acetylcholine.
cholinoceptor
The sympathetic nervous system is normally active, even at
rest
However, it assumes a dominant role when the body become (blank) in some way.
stressed
Ex. If the body sense danger,
your heart rate increases
o Blood pressure rises
o Eyes dilate
o Blood sugar rises
o Bronchioles expand
o Blood flow shifts from the skin to the skeletal muscles
