d. questions
/
kw8ESn1s
/
e. Tim the Beaver
/
tHIm D´ biv®1
/
4. Transcription: Transcribe the following words in IPA into English.
a.
DE® A® bEdb√gz In maj p´dZQm´z
there are bedbugs in my pajamas
b.
T®i ´v Diz bER´® w´nz wI… du TQNk ju
three of these better ones will do, thank you
c.
hi w´z k√v´®d wIT m√ltik√l´®d fET´®z
he was covered with multicolored feathers
d.
dId ju b®IN D´ bejt Qnd D´ fIShUks
did you bring the bait and the fishhooks?
e.
DIs wI… mowst lajkli sawnd st®ejndZ tu mEni lINgwIsts
this will most likely sound strange to many linguists
5. Define the following terms. Be brief but make sure you have fully defined the concept:
(Use examples where you can)
a. phoneme
A phoneme is a chunk of speech of conventional size (made in the image of a letter in alphabetic
writing systems) that stands in meaningful (i.e., lexeme-differentiating) contrast to other chunks of
speech of the same size in the same position. In English, for instance, the two chunks [b] and [p]
are distinct phonemes, since they produce a meaning contrast in pairs such as “pet” vs. “bet”.
b. allophone:
An allophone is each of the different phonetic forms that a phoneme can take; for instance, [
l
] and
[
…
] are two allophones of the phoneme [
l
] in English that are in complementary distribution.
c. complementary distribution
Two items are in complementary distribution if the sets of environments in which each occurs have
a null intersection.
d. overlapping distribution
Two items have overlapping distribution if they can both occur in the same environment (i.e., the
intersection of the set of environments in which each occurs is non-null).
