Study Set Content:
. Solvates are sometimes called
pseudopolymorphs
Denser than gases and possess less kinetic energy than do gases.
LIQUID STATE
- Flows very readily, influenced by friction
LIQUID STATE
- Can be frozen
(solids)
- Have boiling point
(gases)
- Have vapor pressure and surface tension
LIQUID STATE
- the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure.
Boiling Point
– heat supplied at the boiling point to effect the vaporization of the substance.
Heat of vaporization
the the equilibrium pressure of a vapor above its liquid (or solid), that is, the pressure of the vapor resulting from evaporation of a liquid (or solid) above a sample of the liquid (or solid) in a closed container
Vapor Pressure
- Physical property of liquids
Vapor Pressure
Does depend on the temperature.
Vapor Pressure
Vapor pressure and boiling point are
inversely related.
As VP rises,
BP falls.
At room temperature,
, the VP of water is about 20 mm Hg
Upon heating,
, VP increases
When the temperature reaches 100C (212 F),
he VP of water is 760 mmHg or less, depending on the elevation, and the water passes spontaneously into the vapor or gas phase.
– the temperature above which a liquid above which a liquid can no longer exist.
Critical temperature
the pressure required to liquify a gas at its critical temperature
Critical pressure
– Clapeyron’s Equation
Clausius
When the rate of condensation equals the rate of vaporization at a definite temperature,
the vapor becomes saturated and a dynamic equilibrium is established.
