Study Set Content:
The particles of matter are in
constant motion.
. The average kinetic energy depends on the
temperature
The particles of matter do not lose energy in
collisions
When particles collide with each other or with the walls of their container
, there is no loss of energy
Collisions of this type are said to be
perfectly elastic.
Assumptions of Kinetic Molecular Theory
1. Matter is composed of very tiny particles. The chemical properties of the particles of matter depend on their composition. Their physical properties depend on the forces they exert one ach other and the distance separating them.
2. The particles of matter are in constant motion. The average kinetic energy depends on the temperature.
3. The particles of matter do not lose energy in collisions. When particles collide with each other or with the walls of their container, there is no loss of energy. Collisions of this type are said to be perfectly elastic.
Solids are characterized as having a fixed shape and being nearly incompressiblecompared to gases and liquid.
SOLID STATE
They have strong intermolecular forces and therefore very little kinetic energy
SOLID STATE
are characterized by shape, particle size and melting point; some solids are volatile enough to have a sublimation point.
Solids
- is a method of crystal lattice determination
X-ray diffraction
3 main types of X-ray diffraction
1. Crystalline 2. Amorphous 3. Polymeric
- The molecules or atoms are arranged in repetitious three-dimensional lattice units infinitely throughout the crystal.
Crystalline Solid
– Sodium Chloride
Cubic –
– Urea
Tetragonal
– Ritonavir Form II
Orthorhombic
– Iodine
Rhombohedral
– Iodoform
Hexagonal
– Sucrose, Ritonavir Form I
Monoclinic
7 Common Lattice Units (Unit Cell)
Cubic – Sodium Chloride
Tetragonal – Urea
Orthorhombic – Ritonavir Form II
Rhombohedral – Iodine
Hexagonal – Iodoform
Monoclinic – Sucrose, Ritonavir Form I
Triclinic – Boric acid
- Have definite melting points
Crystalline Materials
