Vasomotor Centre
in medulla oblongata
Pressoric area – tonic activity – in rostral ventrolateral reticular area in medulla
Depressoric area – in the medial and caudal area
Afferents to the vasomotor centre:
- Direct stimulation by ↑ CO
2
, ↓ O
2
- Excitatory impulses:
cortex – hypothalamus
pain pathways
peripheral chemoreceptors
- Inhibitory impulses:
cortex – hypothalamus
lung receptors
baroreceptors
Hormonal control of vessels
Vasodilatatory hormones:
VIP - in splanchnic circulation
ANP – secreted by heart – in renal ...
Vasoconstrictory hormones:
norepinephrine, angiotensin II, vasopressin (ADH)
Short review of the Autonomic Nervous System Pharmacology
Sympathomimetic drugs:
alpha: Norepinephrine
beta: Isoproterenol (Isuprel)
Epinephrine (adrenaline)
Miscellaneous: the precursors of E, NE:
Dopamine (Intropin)
Dobutamine (Dobutrex)
Amphetamine (by releasing endogenous catecholamines)
Blocking agents:
Anti alpha – phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline)
- tolazoline, phentolamine (Regitine)
- anti beta
1
– propranolol (Inderal)
- metipranolol (Trimepranol)
- pindolol (Visken)……
Parasympathomimetic drugs:
Acetylcholine
Pilocarpine
Methacholine
Muscarine (in Amanita muscaria)
Anticholinesterases:
Physostigmine
Neostigmine