Study Set Content:
change of 1 pH unit
● An increase in the total buffer
concentrations results in a greater
value of
β
Approximate calculation of buffer capacity
pH = pKa + log [salt] + [base]
[acid] - [base]
The buffer capacity is not a fixed
value for a given buffer system but
instead depends on the amount of
base added
More exact equation of buffer capacity
β = 2.3 C Ka[H3O+]/(Ka + [H3O+])2
total concentration, that is the
sum of the molar concentrations of
the acid and the salt
C
The point where no acid or base has
been added to the
buffer
pH =
pKa
[H3O] =
Ka
The buffer capacity is affected not
only by the [salt]/[acid] ratio but also
by the total concentrations of
acid and salt
2. An increase in the concentration of
the (blank) results in a
greater buffer capacity or efficiency.
buffer components
maintain at a pH of about 7.4
Blood
primary buffer of blood
plasma
plasma contains
carbonic acid/bicarbonate
represents the
concentration of CO2 present
as H2CO3
[H2CO3]
acid/alkali sodium salts of
phosphoric acid
secondary buffers
erythrocytes
erythrocytes contains
hemoglobin/oxyhemoglobin
○ acid/alkali potassium salts
of phosphoric acid
It is usually life-threatening for the pH of the blood to go below(blank) or above (blank)
6.9, 7.8
The pH of the blood in diabetic coma is as low as about
6.8
Lacrimal fluid dilution value
1:15
