mostly seen or found in written communication
Formal language register
use in ordinary conversations, text messaging, etc.
Informal language
uses a casual tone
Informal language
utilizes contraction
Informal language register
e.g. business letters, research reports, professional emails, etc.
Formal language register
certain writing conventions are strictly followed
Formal language register
avoids “Colloquilism” - using of familiar or ordinary words or phrases in the context of a conversation
Formal language register
avoids contraction (it’s) (it is)
Formal language register
uses colloquialism
Informal language register
in case of bilinguals, code-mixing or code-switching
Informal language register
found in Biblical quotations or any text using literary language are delivered in specific situations (wedding, funerals, ceremonies)
Frozen
Static register
Frozen
one-way, uninterrupted presentation
Formal
uses technical vocabulary
Formal
complex and divergent grammatical structure
Formal
Uses old language (archaic words)
E.g. thy, thou, thee, art, etc.
Frozen
most operational
Consultative
two-way participation
Consultative
careful and standard speech
Formal
use in small group discussion
Consultative