Study Set Content:
The integrity of the container and closures depends on the geometry and compatibility of the two.
Closure control
Closures must fit the thread of the container, should not tilt, should not produce leaks, should not rotate continuously and must look elegant.
Closure control
documents that provide requirements, specifications, guidelines, or characteristics that can be used consistently to ensure that materials, products, processes, and services are fit for their purpose.
Standards
detailed and specific requirements that define the quality of a product, service or even procedures and process.
Specifications
Importance of Standards
- For business
- For the global economy
- For consumer
To avoid producing a defective product, standards and specifications are developed to serve basis for accepting or rejecting a product. In a product, these must cover the following points:
- Formula
- Raw material specifications
- Standard operating procedures
- Finished product specifications
- Packaging material standard
- Testing methods
- an undesirable characteristic of a product
- a failure to conform to specifications
defects
A unit product which may contain one or more defect is called
defective
Defects can be classified as follows
- According to measurability
- According to seriousness or gravity
- According to nature
can be measured directly by instruments
Variable defect
- cannot be measured directly by instruments
- it shows mainly the conformance or non conformance of the material to specifications
Attribute defect
- renders the item unusable or poses risk of harm to the end consumer
Critical defect
adversely affects performance of the product or is otherwise likely cause a customer to return the product
Major defect
is usually an insignificant issue, often related to the product’s appearance, that doesn’t affect the item’s function or form
Minor defect
visible
ocular defect
not seen although present
Internal defect
function
Performance defect
major types of variations: which is inherent in a system
Common
- major types of variations: which is caused by changes in the circumstances or environment
Special
a. variation between suppliers of same substance
b. variation between batches from same supplier
c. variation within a batch
Materials
