Study Set Content:
ubstantially increased adsorptive capacity that results from the processing of charcoal obtained from the burning of carbonaceous substances such as wood pulp, sugars, organic material, and industrial wastes. The processing involves extensive treatment with steam, carbon dioxide, oxygen, zinc chloride, sulfuric acid, or phosphoric acid at temperatures of 500°F to 900°F to “activate” the residue oxidation, which leads to a significant increase in surface area through the creation of small pores in the material.
Activated
Used after ingestion to limit drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract if it can be given safely and in a reasonable time period after its ingestion
Activated Charcoal
are significantly bound •()()compounds are generally less well bound
organic molecules, LMW and polar
Certain inorganic salts are also
not appreciably bound
Adsorption at a ratio of approximately
10:1
1g/kg PO or gastric tube as aqueous suspension
Activated charcoal
Activated charcoal • Absorbing most toxins when given in a ratio of
10:1
of Administration • We give the activated charcoal ()without sorbitol () grams or () orally or by gastric tube
aqueous suspension , 60 to 100, 1g/kg
Activated charcoal adverse effects
• Constipation or intestinal impaction • Charcoal bizarre • Stomach distention
Contraindication • Further doses in patients with () • Contraindicated in ()patients, unless the airway is adequately protected.
ileus without distension., drowsy
Chelating agent especially for lead intoxication; hypercalcemia
EDTA
Also used in zinc, manganese, and certain heavy radioisotopes
EDTA
Route of Administration • Pb poisoning
BLL >150mcg/dL:
Adults
: 2-4g or 30-50mg/kg IV q24H as continuous IV
(dil.
(dil. 2-4mg/mL in NS or D5%)
Children:
1000-1500mg/m² IV q24H o as continuous IV
o If symptomatic, administer for
3-5 days
MOA • It is a
chelating agent
EDTA Adverse effects
• Nephrotoxicity • Increase ICP in lead encephalopathy • Hypocalcemia
EDTA Contraindication • Contraindicated fo
anuria
