Study Set Content:
E – Exposure
Treat suspected cause Gas poisoning: Expose to fresh air
mood state, mental status, weakness
General appearance
size, shape, any tenderness, symmetry, masses; condition of hair and scalp
Head
– visual acuity, color, symmetry, assess vision, pain, miosis or mydriasis
eyes
– symmetry, discharges, tenderness, hearing impairments, tinnitus
Ears
– symmetry, drainage or bleeding, congestion, obstruction, inflammation
Nose
lesions, exudates, erythema, breath odor; inspect lips, gums, tongue, and teeth
Throat
symmetry, tenderness
Neck
appearance, color, rashes, wounds
Skin
cough, breathing, mucus discharge, signs fluid accumulation
Respiratory
– inspect bowel discharges, bowel movement, characteristics of vomitus, abdominal or stomach pain, difficulty of swallowing
Git
characteristics of urine, assess for urinary incontinence, increased or pain in urination
UT
Essential Laboratory Tests
• Serum osmolality and osmolar gap • Electrolytes • Serum glucose • BUN and creatinine • Liver profile • Urinalysis • ECG • Pregnancy test • Tests to detect specific chemical/drug levels
Decontamination
• Wash skin and irrigate eyes • Emesis or gastric lavage • Charcoal or cathartic • Hemodialysis, Hemoperfusion
Disposition Emergency department discharge or ICU admission • All patients with potentially serious overdose should be observed for at least ()hours before discharge or transfer to a nonmedical facility • If signs and symptoms of() develop during this time, admission for further observation and treatment is required. • Most patients admitted for poisoning or drug overdose will need observation in an (), although this depends on the potential for serious cardiorespiratory complications. • Any patient with () intent must be kept under close observation.
6 , intoxication, ICU, suicidal
Acetone
Acetone, isopropyl alcohol
Acrid or pear-like
Chloral hydrate, paraldehyde
Bitter almonds
Cyanide
Carrots
Cicutoxin
Garlic
Arsenic, organophosphates, selenium, thallium
