Study Set Content:
was concerned with bites from snakes and rabid dogs, and stings of scorpions and insects.
Part I
dealt with poisons in food and minerals, as well as remedies. He made a distinction between “hot” and “cold” poisons which, it has been claimed, may be equivalent to modern-day hemolysins and neurotoxins. Maimonides also emphasized preventive measures.
Part II
The most noteworthy physician/scientist/philosopher of the Islamic world. His celebrated “Canon of Medicine” remained the most popular medical textbook for some six centuries. Covering a broad range of topics, it includes detailed descriptions of venoms and other poisons, such as opioids and oleander, as well as instructions related to antidotes. He even explored the efect of alcohol on opium poisoning.
Avicenna
He has come to be known as “the father of mineralogy” largely as a result of his best known monograph, De Re Metallica, published in 1556.
Georgius Agricola
Theophrastus von Hohenheim “Father of toxicology”
Paracelsus
A keen observer and investigator of toxic efects of various agents and wrote a treatise about their efects upon miners. He concludes this work with a discussion of metallic mercury and criticizes its use at the time as therapy for people aflicted with syphilis.
Paracelsus
Paracelsus” his most famous toxicological adage which is a distillation of what he wrote in his Seven Defenses.
“The dose makes the poison,”
Acknowledged that almost everything in nature is possessed of some secret poison but that somehow it overlay a core of goodness. He referred to the bible and medical alchemical theories to support his views and reveal ways to remove the poison.
Jan Baptist Van Helmont
Compiled a treatise devoted to poisons and their remedies, De venenis, which sought to return to the pure Greek roots of toxicology.
Pietro d’Abano
Ofered a careful analysis on the relationship between poison and putrefaction.
Girolamo Cardano
Focused on reconciling ancient and contemporary defnitions of poison.
Gerolamo Mercuriale
Argued against a universal defnition of poison and also said that its unusual powers made it similar to other natural substances such as the magnet.
Andrea Bacci
originated with the trial of Madame de Brinvilliers, convicted of poisoning her father and two brothers and attempting to poison other family members. It is a series of poisonings in the 17th century France, during the reign of Louis XIV which have not, at least to date, been subject to any revisionism
L’afaire des poisons, the Afair of the Poisons
Various products of biological origin, typically solid and hard, were said to serve in preventing and treating poisons. They include stones, shark teeth, bezoars, and horns, sometimes embellished and worn as jewelry, and used in table settings or even in some instances found in
graves
is an indigestible mass found in the gastro- 9 intestinal system, especially the stomach.
bezoar stone
as well, have found application as prophylactics, detectors, and neutralizers of poisons.
Fossil shark teeth
Author of the frst book in English devoted solely to poisons, A Mechanical Account of Poisons in Several Essays. He described the signs and symptoms of snake envenomation, performed chemical tests on venom, and experimented on snakes (to study their venom delivery system) and other animals
Richard Mead
“Father of Occupational Medicine”
Bernardino Ramazzini
Bernardino Ramazzini The frst edition of his most famous book,() (A Treatise on the Diseases of Workers), published in 1700, is the frst comprehensive and systematic work on occupational diseases. It outlined the health hazards of chemicals and other substances, including repetitive motions, encountered by workers in over 50 occupations.
De Morbis Artifcum Diatriba
In 1774 he published an essay, Chirurgical Observations Relative to the Cataract, the Polypus of the Nose, the Cancer of the Scrotum. In this he made the link between the profession of chimney sweeps (regarding soot lodging in the folds of scrotal skin) and scrotal cancer.
Percivall Pott
