Study Set Content:
are attached to polypeptide by an N-glycosidic bond with the side chain amide group of the amino acid asparagine.
N-linked
are attached to polypeptides by the side chains hydroxyl group of the amino acid serine or threonine
O-linked
Polysaccharides are polymers that contains many monosaccharide units bonded to each other by glycosidic linkages; often called
Glycans
is a polysaccharide in which only one type of monosaccharide monomer is present. (ex: starch, glycogen, chitin, cellulose)
Homopolysaccharide
is a polysaccharide in which more than one (usually two) type of monosaccharide monomer is present. (ex: glycosaminoglycans, peptidoglycan)
Heteropolysaccharide
Are not sweet and do not test positive in
Tollen’s and Benedict’s solution
main storage polysaccharide in plants; amylose and amylopectin
Starch
has a nonbranching helical structure
amylose (13–20%)
consists of branched chains composed of 24–30 glucose residues united by α-(1,4) linkages in the chains and by α-(1,6) linkages at the branch points
amylopectin (80–85%
Amylose
Amylopectin
storage polysaccharide in animals and is sometimes called animal starch
Glycogen
Glycogen: storage polysaccharide in animals and is sometimes called animal starch; it is a more highly branched structure than amylopectin with chains of
12–15 α-D-glucopyranose
Glycogen: storage polysaccharide in animals and is sometimes called animal starch; it is a more highly branched structure than amylopectin with chains of 12–15 α-D-glucopyranose residues
(in α-(1,4)-glycosidic linkage
Glycogen: storage polysaccharide in animals and is sometimes called animal starch; it is a more highly branched structure than amylopectin with chains of 12–15 α-D-glucopyranose residues (in α-(1,4)-glycosidic linkage) with branching by means of
α-(1,6) glycosidic bonds.
a polysaccharide of fructose (a fructosan) found in tubers and roots of dahlias, artichokes, and dandelions;
Inulin
Inulin: a polysaccharide of fructose (a fructosan) found in tubers and roots of dahlias, artichokes, and dandelions; considered the
clinical gold standard for measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR),
nulin: a polysaccharide of fructose (a fructosan) found in tubers and roots of dahlias, artichokes, and dandelions; considered the clinical gold standard for measuring glomerular filtration rate (GFR), an assessment of kidney filtering capacity and renal function, and therefore, is a prognostic indicator of
chronic kidney disease (CKD)
bacterial and yeast polysaccharides;
Dextrans
• Dextrans: bacterial and yeast polysaccharides; Made up of
α-(1,6) linked polyD-glucose
