Study Set Content:
Dextrans: bacterial and yeast polysaccharides; Made up of α-(1,6) linked polyD-glucose; all have
α-(1,3) branches, and some also have α-(1,2) or α-(1,4) branches
, formed by bacteria growing on the surface of teeth, is rich in dextrans;
Dental plaque
D-glucose; all have α-(1,3) branches, and some also have α-(1,2) or α-(1,4) branches; Dental plaque, formed by bacteria growing on the surface of teeth, is rich in dextrans; as a colloid, dextran osmotically (blank) by restoring blood plasma lost through severe hemorrhage
expands plasma volume
is the chief constituent of plant cell walls. It is insoluble and consists of β-D-glucopyranose units linked by β-(1,4) bonds to form long, straight chains strengthened by crosslinking hydrogen bonds.
Cellulose
is a structural polysaccharide in the exoskeleton of crustaceans and insects, and also in mushrooms. It consists of N - acetyl-D -glucosamine units joined by β-(1,4) glycosidic bonds.
Chitin
occurs in fruits; it is polymer of galacturonic acidlinked α(1-4), with some galactose and/or arabinose branches, and is partially methylated
Pectin
Cellulose
Chitin
Pectin
Inulin
Aka mucopolysaccharides; complex carbohydrates containing amino sugars and uronic acids.
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGS)
They may be attached to a protein molecule to form a
proteoglycan.
provide the ground or packing substance of connective tissues hence provide cushioning or lubrication to other structures
Proteoglycans
• Unique to animals and bacteria and are NOT found in
plants
Aka hyaluronate
Hyaluronic acid
Hyaluronic acid Greek word
hyalos = glass
contains alternating residues of
D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine
form a clear, highly viscous solution that serve as lubricants in the synovial fluid of the joints and give the vitreous humor of the eye its jellylike consistency
Hyaluronic acid
essential component of the extracellular matrix of tendons and cartilages; provides
tensile strength and elasticity
an enzyme secreted by some pathogenic bacteria that hydrolyzes the glycosidic linkage of hyaluronate, rendering tissues more susceptible to bacterial invasion
Hyaluronidase –
