Study Set Content:
Glucose formula
C6H12O6 or C6(H2O)6
Sucrose formula
C12(H2O)11
Not all carbohydrates have this general formula
Not all carbohydrates have this general formula
At the molecular level, most carbohydrates are
polyhydroxyaldehydes or polyhydroxyketones.
The simpler members of the carbohydrate family are often referred to as
saccharides
The simpler members of the carbohydrate family are often referred to as saccharides because of their
sweet taste
Carbohydrates are classified according to the number of simple sugars they contain
Monosaccharide – Disaccharide – Oligosaccharide – Polysaccharide
Monosaccharides• General formula
CnH2nOn
with one of the carbons being the carbonyl group of either of the
aldehyde or ketone
The most common monosaccharides have
3 to 9 carbon atoms
The suffix
–ose
The suffix –ose indicates that a molecule is a carbohydrate, and the prefixes (blank) and so forth indicate the number of carbon atoms in the chain
tri-, tetr-, pent-,
Monosaccharides containing an aldehyde group are classified as
aldoses,
Monosaccharides containing an aldehyde group are classified as aldoses, those containing a ketone group are called
ketoses
a carbohydrate containing a ketone group having 3 carbon atoms in its chain
Ketotriose
a carbohydrate containing an aldehyde group having 4 carbon atoms in its chain
Aldotetrose
Trioses formula
C3H6O3
Tetroses formula
C4H8O4
Pentoses formula
C5H10O5
Hexoses formula
C6H12O6
