Study Set Content:
Heptoses formula
C7H14O7
Trioses, aldoses and ketoses
Glycerose and Dihydroxyacetone
Tetroses, aldoses and ketoses
Erythrose and Erythrulose
Pentoses, Aldoses and Ketoses
Ribose and Ribulose
Hexoses, Aldoses and Ketoses
Glucose and Fructose
Heptoses, Aldoses and Ketoses
none(ALdoses), and Sedoheptulose
Physical properties of Monosaccharides
Colorless, crystalline solids
All monosaccharides are very soluble in water
Slightly soluble in ethanol and are insoluble in nonpolar solvents such as diethyl ether, DCM, and benzene.
Vitamin C or
L-Ascorbic acid
The structure of Vitamin C resembles that of a
monosaccharide
is synthesized biochemically by plants and some animals and commercially from glucose.
Vitamin C
do not have the enzyme required to carry out this synthesis. For this reason, we must obtain vitamin C in the food we eat or as a vitamin supplement
Humans
The Structure of Glucose Can Be Represented in Three Ways
1.Fischer projection
2.Haworth projection'
3.Chair form
Fischer projection
Chair form
Haworth projection
a two dimensional representation showing the configuration of a stereocenter; horizontal lines represent bonds projecting forward from the stereocenter, and the vertical lines represent bonds projecting toward the rear.
Fischer Projection
proposed the D,L system in 1891.
Emil Fischer
At that time, it was known that one enantiomer of glyceraldehyde has a specific rotation of
+13.5°
and the other has a specific rotation of
-13.5°
Emil Fischer proposed the D,L system in 1891. At that time, it was known that one enantiomer of glyceraldehyde has a specific rotation of +13.5°and the other has a specific rotation of -13.5°, so Fischer proposed that these enantiomers be designated
D and L
