Study Set Content:
any carbohydrate that reacts with an oxidizing agent to form an aldonic acid is classified as a
reducing sugar
The aldehyde group of the aldose is oxidized to a
carboxylate group
Glucose is a reducing sugar because it reduces
cupric ion.
: enzyme-catalysed oxidation of the primary alcohol at carbon 6 of a hexose yields a
uronic acid
serve as a component of polysaccharides of connective tissues.
glucuronic acid
The body uses glucuronic acid to detoxify foreign
phenols and alcohols.
In the liver, these compounds are converted to
glycosides of glucuronic acids (glucuronides)
The body uses glucuronic acid to detoxify foreign phenols and alcohols. In the liver, these compounds are converted to glycosides of glucuronic acids (glucuronides) and
excreted in the urine.
is converted to a glucuronide and is excreted in the urine
The IV anesthetic, propofol
are important intermediates in the metabolism of monosaccharides. Example, in the first step of glycolysis involves conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P)
phosphoric esters
Membranes of animal plasma cells have (blank) bound to them.
carbohydrates
These membranebound carbohydrates are part of the mechanism by which cell types recognize one another and, in effect, act as
biochemical markers
Typically, they contain (blank) monosaccharide units,
4 to 17
the most common of which are
galactose, mannose, L-fucose (6-deoxyaldohexose), N-acetylglucosamine, and N-acetylgalactosamine.
To see the importance of these membrane-bound carbohydrates, consider the
ABO blood group system
To see the importance of these membrane-bound carbohydrates, consider the ABO blood group system, discovered in
1900 by Karl Landsteiner (1868-1943).
Whether a person belongs to type A, B, AB, or O
genetically determined and depends on the type of trisaccharide or tetrasaccharide bound to the surface of the red blood cells
These surface-bound carbohydrates, designated as A, B, and O, act as
antigens
O antigen
A antigen
