Study Set Content:
Their biosynthesis can be altered by pharmacologic,
nutritional, and genetic factors that affect
P450 expression
a family of eicosanoid isomers, are
formed nonenzymatically by direct free radical-based
action on AA and related lipid substrates.
isoeicosanoids,
are prostaglandin stereoisomers.
Isoprostanes
Because prostaglandins have many asymmetric centers,
they have a large number of potential stereoisomers.
They are then cleaved by (blank)circulate, and
are excreted in urine.
phospholipases
are present in relatively large amounts
(tenfold greater in blood and urine than the COX derived
prostaglandins).
Isoprostanes
They have potent vasoconstrictor effects when
infused into renal and other vascular beds and may
activate prostanoid receptors.
Isoprostanes
As a result of their short half-lives, the eicosanoids act mainly
in an
autocrine and a paracrine
its action is on the same cells
Autocrine
– action/secretions are on the neighboring cells (close to
the site)
Paracrine
close to the site of their synthesis, and not as
circulating hormones. These ligands bind to
receptors on the cell surface, and pharmacologic
specificity is determined by
receptor density and type on different cells
A single gene product has been identified for the
prostacyclin
PGI2 receptor
(IP)
PGF 2α
FP
TXA2
TP
Four (4) distinct PGE2 receptors
EPS 1-4
two (2) PGD2
receptors
(DP 1 and DP2
The prostaglandins and thromboxanes have major effects on the
following:
Smooth muscle in the
Vasculature
o Gastrointestinal
o Airways
o Reproductive tracts
The prostaglandins and thromboxanes have major effects on the
following:
Platelet
Kidney
Eye
Cancer
The prostaglandins and thromboxanes have major effects on the
following:
Reproductive organs
Female
Male
Central and peripheral nervous systems
Fever
Sleep
Neurotransmission
