1. Each of the following statements concerning the thick skin is true, EXCEPT:
A
– covers the palms and the soles; B – undergoes considerable abrasion; C – is hairless;
D
– possesses sebaceous glands; E – has the thickest epidermis.
2. The epidermis of the thin skin contains the following layers, EXCEPT:
A
– stratum spinosum; B – stratum basale; C – stratum lucidum; D – stratum corneum; E –
stratum granulosum.
3. Each of the following statements concerning the epidermis stratum basale is true,
EXCEPT:
A
– is represented by a single layer of stem cells; B – its cells are not capable of division;
C
– rests on the basal lamina; D – new keratinocytes arise from its cells; E – is basophilic.
4. The distinctive feature of the cells of the epidermis stratum granulosum is:
A
– they exhibit numerous cytoplasmic processes; B – they are capable of division; C –
they are anucleate squamous cells; D
– they rest on the basal lamina; E – their cytoplasm
contains keratohyalin granules.
5. Each of the following statements concerning the epidermis stratum lucidum is
true, EXCEPT:
A
– has a refractile appearance; B – contains eosinophilic cells; C – is present both in the
thick and in thin skin; D
– the nuclei and the cytoplasmic organelles of its cells become
disrupted; E
– its cells gradually fill with keratin.
6. Each of the following statements concerning the cells of the epidermis stratum
corneum is true, EXCEPT:
A
– are capable of division; B – are anucleate squamous cells; C – are filled with keratin; D
– their plasma membrane is thickened and coated with glycolipids; E – are sloughed off at
the epidermis surface.
7. Each of the following statements concerning the process of keratinization is true,
EXCEPT:
A
– keratinocytes produce tonofilaments that are grouped into tonofibrils; B – keratinocytes
synthesize keratohyalin granules; C
– the substance of keratohyalin granules combines
with tonofibrils converting them to keratin; D
– keratinocyte plasma membrane gradually
disappears; E
– the nuclei and the organelles of keratinocytes break down.
8. Each of the following statements c
oncerning the epidermis Merkel’s cells is true,
EXCEPT:
A
– are macrophage-like cells; B – are located in the stratum basale; C – contain granules
with a neurosecretion; D
– are associated with the ending of afferent nerve fibres; E – the
combination of Me
rkel’s cell and a nerve fibre is a mechanoreceptor.
9. Each of the following statements concerning the hair is true, EXCEPT:
A
– consists of the medulla, cortex, and cuticle; B – its keratinized cells are filled with soft
keratin; C
– a hair follicle is surrounded by the connective tissue sheath, external and
internal root epithelial sheathes; D
– the hair bulb contains the matrix and is invaginated by
the connective tissue papilla; E
– hair cells and cells of the internal root sheath arise from
the matrix.
10. Each of the following statements concerning the sebaceous glands is true,
EXCEPT:
A
– are simple branched alveolar glands; B – are characterized by the holocrine type of
secretion; C
– empty onto the epidermis surface; D – secrete sebum coating hair and the
skin surface; E
– their new secretory cells arise from basal cells at the gland periphery.
Directions
: one or more of the given statements or completions is/are correct. Choose the
answer: A
– if only 1,2, and 3 are correct; B – if only 1 and 3 are correct; C – if only 2 and
4 are correct; D
– if only 4 is correct; E – if all are correct.
11. The skin functions are as follows: