Study Set Content:
A healthcare system can have a comprehensive electronic health record maintained by pharmacists, laboratory and radiology technologists, nurses, dietitians, therapists, medical records specialists, and ward specialists – all important clinical and administrative staff who are not
ordering providers
The full benefits of CPOE accrue only when orders are directly () by responsible providers and are not placed or scribed by others on the healthcare team on behalf of ordering physicians.
entered
Orders may include medications, laboratory tests, radiology request, diets, nursing orders, consultation requests, procedures, equipment, or any other service that may have previously been ordered in a
paper system
() are a problem of the past, and CPOE can remind the ordering clinician of a patient’s allergy to a specific medication and suggest alternatives or how to manage a reaction.
llegible hand-written prescriptions
It can () the clinician of drug-drug interactions, educate on the severity and mechanism of action, and provide advice on managing them.
alert
t can check dosages against the patient’s physical parameters, laboratory parameters, and previous dosing history and then () the clinician of potential problems and how to alter a course of therapy.
warn
A CPOE system for medications that is integrated with diet orders and diagnosis can alert providers of dangerously incongruent ordering scenarios such as ordering insulin for an NPO patient or teratogenic drugs in a()
pregnant woman.
potentially risky therapy, such as linking orders for liver function tests with () and reminding ordering providers to monitor () in patients on neuroleptics.
thiazolidinediones, tardive dyskinesia
It can promote safety at the point of order selection, by detaching () drugs into separate order menus, or by displaying drug names in () lettering.
“sound-alike”, “tall man”
is an essential component of any electronic health record implementation, and the moment at which a provider interacts with the computer to personally place orders represents a golden opportunity to leverage considerable resources towards improving patient safety and applying evidence-based clinical care
CPOE
Commonly defined as ambulatory CPOE
ELECTRONIC PRESCRIBING (EPRESCRIBING)
It is the transmission, using electronic media, of prescription or prescription-related information, between a prescriber, dispenser or health plan, either directly or through an intermediary, including an e-prescribing network ➢ The data should be entered by the prescribing practitioner and the electronic data should not be manually transcribed into the receiving system
ELECTRONIC PRESCRIBING (EPRESCRIBING)
A prescription is not an ePrescription unless it is transmitted () in a standard format
electronically
Printed paper prescriptions and electronic faxes are not considered as
ePrescriptions
More than 3 billion prescriptions are written annually in the US, and are estimated to increase to 4 billion in 2007. ➢ The increasing volume of prescriptions has increased the attention of controlling its cost. In addition, prescription errors and the management of prescription drug therapy are also
costly
Studies have shown that undecipherable or unclear prescriptions result in more than () from pharmacists to physicians for clarification.
150 million calls
It is believed that ePrescribing systems will significantly impact prescribers to select less costly therapy and prevent errors before a prescription is sent to the
Pharmacy
One study estimates the possible savings from ePrescribing of () in the US.
$27 billion per year
In a recent study of 661 patients surveyed, () experienced adverse drug events
24%
() were serious,() ameliorable and () preventable
13%, 26%, 11%
