Study Set Content:
1982 1 st genetically engineered drug approved by the U.S.
Lilly’s Humulin
semisynthetic human insulin made by enzymatically converting
porcine insulin
was also using recombinant technology to produce insulin.
Novo Nordisk
was a significant milestone in the development of genetically engineered drugs and combined the technologies of the biotech companies with the know-how and resources of the major pharmaceutical industries.
Recombinant insulin
Inhaled insulin was approved by the FDA
2006
Insulin had been the only treatment for type 1 diabetes until 2005 when the FDA approved Amylin Pharmaceuticals(blank) to control blood sugar levels in combination with the peptide hormone.
Symlin
The isolation and purification of several peptide hormones of the anterior pituitary and hypothalamicreleasing hormones now make it possible to produce synthetic
peptide
are used in the treatment of a variety of disorders associated with sexual development and the sexual cycles of males and females, as well as in the selective therapy of malignant tumors of the breast and prostate gland.
Male and female sex hormones
women had been eating wild yams of the Dioscorea genus for contraception, with apparent success”
Russell Marker
➢ Russell Marker “women had been eating wild yams of the (blank) for contraception, with apparent success”
Dioscorea genus
determined that (blank) is abundant in yams and has a structure similar to progesterone.
diosgenin
was able to convert diosgenin into progesterone, a substance known to stop ovulation in rabbits. However, progesterone is destroyed by the digestive system when ingested.
Russell Marker
a chemist working at the Syntex Laboratories in Mexico City, synthesized norethindrone
Carl Djerassi
Carl Djerassi (1950) a chemist working at the Syntex Laboratories in Mexico City, synthesized
norethindrone
is the first orally active contraceptive steroid, by a subtle modification of the structure of progesterone.
norethindrone
Steroidal agents
progesterone
Norethynodrel
Norethindrone
Mestranol
