Study Set Content:
it causes contraction of the skeletal muscle.
Peripheral nervous system
it causes release of epinephrine from the adrenal medulla (via nicotinic receptor) and it stimulates sweat glands secretions.
Endocrine system
Examples of Direct Acting Agonists
• Acetylcholine - prototype
• Bethanechol
• Carbachol
• Pilocarpine
• Methacholine
• Nicotine
Acetylcholine is used to achieve miosis during ophthalmic surgery, in general it is rarely used because it has widespread effects and is so rapidly hydrolyzed by
acetylcholinesterase
These adverse effects are typical of all _____, not just acetylcholine.
direct & indirect cholinergic agonists
The adverse effects result from excessive generalized cholinergic stimulation. This includes: DUMBELS
Diarrhea & decreased BP
Urination
Miosis
Bronchoconstriction
Excitation of skeletal muscle
Lacrimation
Salivation and sweating
BETHANECHOL(Urecholine)
Type of chemical compound
A carbamic acid ester
Works primarily on _____ receptors, but also has some mild _____ properties.
muscarinic, nicotinic
Therapeutic Uses
It increases intestinal motility especially
after surgery
Used to treat
urinary retention.
BBB
Bethanechol stimulates the Bladder & Bowel
A carbamic ester similar to bethanechol
CARBACHOL
Rarely used in the clinics but can be used for glaucoma & stimulate miosis during ophthalmic surgery
CARBACHOL
A quaternary ammonium ion used in the diagnosis of asthma bronchial
METHACHOLINE
An alkaloid
PILOCARPINE
causes miosis & contraction of the ciliary muscle
PILOCARPINE
It stimulates muscarinic receptors
METHACHOLINE
Works on both muscarinic & nicotinic receptors
CARBACHOL
Decreases heart rate.
PILOCARPINE
Causes bronchial smooth muscle contraction.
PILOCARPINE
