BP
PA mean
- BP
LA
20-Ø
Pulmonary VR = ––––––––––––––– = ––––––– =
F
PA
5
= 4 mmHg/l/min
Poiseuille – Hagen Formula
8 x vi x l
R = ––––––––– →
π x r
4
BF and R are markedly affected by changes in r (caliber of the vessels).
Two components of R:
1) Characteristics of wall vessel – reciprocal to elasticity
2) Caliber of vessels – mainly arterioles
Elasticity – arterial compliance
Importance in maintaining of: - BP diast.
- F diast.
„Secondary hearts“
Deterioration of the arterial elasticity → increased BP syst. and the pulse pressure
(arteriosclerosis – systolic hypertension).
Changes of elasticity – changes in quality and velocity of the arterial pulse velocity.
REGULATION OF THE CIRCULATION
regulation of action of the heart
Regulation of circulation ⁄
\ regulation of diameter of the vessels
REGULATION OF THE CARDIAC ACTIVITY
Autoregulation
Regulation of the heart activity
Nervous
Humoral regulation
1)
Intracardiac regulation - AUTOREGULATION:
a) Heterometric autoregulation – FRANK-STARLING LAW:„the energy of
contraction is proportional to the initial length of the cardiac muscle fiber – to the
end diastolic volume“
Relation between muscle fiber length and tension.
Diastolic filling = end diastolic volume