Study Set Content:
used to pass a mixture of volatile solutes through a column containing the stationary phase.
Gas Chromatography
The mobile phase often referred to as the
carrier gas
The mobile phase often referred to as the carrier gas, typically an inert gas such as
nitrogen, helium or argon.
is based on the relative differences in the solutes vapor pressures and interactions with the stationary phase.
Solute separation
Separation by LC is based on the () between a liquid mobile phase and a stationary phase.
distribution of the solutes
Most widely used form of LC
HPLC –
Chromatographic separations are classified by the chemical or physical mechanisms used to separate solutes. These includes:
1. Ion-Exchange
2. Partition
3. Adsorption
4. Size Exclusion
5. Affinity Mechanism
rinciple – Based on an exchange of ions between a charged stationary surface and ions of the opposite charge in mobile phase.
1. Ion-Exchange
made up of two parts, an insoluble matrix and chemically bonded charged groups within and on the surface of the matrix.
Ion-Exchanger
– also known as acidic ion exchanger
. Cation Exchanger
Basic ion exchanger
. Anion Exchanger
The differential distribution of solutes between two immiscible liquids.
Partition Exchange
2 Types:
a. Liquid-liquid Chromatography b. Bonded-phase liquid Chromatography
Principle: Adsorption.
dsorption Chromatography
Common type of adsorbent
Silica.
Other adsorbents:
Alumina and Carbon.
This technique requires that the material to be isolated is capable of binding reversibly to a specific ligand that is attached to an insoluble matrix.
. Affinity Chromatography
The separation of molecules on the basis of their molecular size and shape exploits the molecular sieve properties of a variety of porous materials.
Size Exclusion Chromatography
It includes
Gel Permeation Chromatography –
Gel Filtration Chromatograph
– it is when the mobile phase used is an organic solvent
Gel Permeation Chromatograph
