10.
(Award [1] for each of the following structures clearly drawn
and labelled correctly.)
lymph vessel;
arteriole;
venule;
(central) lacteal;
capillary network;
epithelial layer / lining / epithelium;
microvilli;
goblet cells;
[5]
11.
(a)
Award [1 max] for any two of the following.
cane sugar / honey / onion / milk / maple syrup / fruit / soft drinks
/ other answers
1
(b)
provide energy / cell respiration;
excess carbohydrate (glucose) can be converted into fat / glycogen for storage;
synthesis of glycoproteins / combine with proteins to form glycoproteins;
components of nucleic acids eg ribose in mRNA / deoxyribose in DNA;
required for the synthesis of some amino acids;
constituent of connective tissue;
3 max
(c)
diets high in saturated lipids increase risk of heart disease / atherosclerosis;
diets high in saturated lipids increase risk of obesity;
obesity linked to a variety of health problems eg diabetes;
atherosclerosis is narrowing of artery lumen;
atherosclerosis leads to high blood pressure / increased risk of coronary thrombosis /
stroke;
smoking / lack of exercise in combination with diet high in saturated lipids
compounds risk of heart disease;
relationship may be affected by genetic factors;
4 max
[8]
12.
(a)
I:
liver;
II:
stomach;
III:
pancreas;
IV:
large intestine / (descending) colon;
2 max
Award [1] for every two correct, up to [2 max].