Study Set Content:
Phosphatidic acid is a precursor of phosphatidylglycerol which gives rise to
Cardiolipin
This phospholipid is found only in the mitochondria and is essential for mitochondrial functions
Cardiolipin
Decrease cardiolipin levels or alterations in its structure or metabolism cause mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and in pathological conditions including
heart failure, hypothyroidism and Barth syndrome (cardioskeletal myopathy)
Constitutes 10% of PLs of brain and muscle
5. Plasmalogen
structure includes fatty acid, sphingosine, choline and phosporic acid
Sphingolipids
The combination of sphingosine and fatty acid is known as
ceramide
part of complex lipids may contain different kinds of fatty acids, e.g., stearic acid occurs mainly in sphingomyelin
ceramide
Fatty acid
choline
Phosphoric acid
Spingosine
The human brain and spinal cord can be divided into
gray and white regions.
% of the human brain is white matter.
40
The myelin sheath consists o
70% lipids and 30% proteins.
The myelin sheath is produced by specialized cells called (blank) that wrap themselves around the nerve axon.
Schwann cells
the myelin sheath gradually deteriorates, showing symptoms like muscle weariness, lack of coordination, and loss of vision
n multiple sclerosis
Autopsy of multiple sclerotic brains show scar-like plaques of white matter, with bare axons not covered by
myelin sheath
Fatty acid + sphingosine + carbohydrate
Glycolipids/glycosphingolipids
Known as cell surface carbohydrates
GLYCOLIPIDS
Present in every tissue of the body specially in nervous tissue as the brain
GLYCOLIPIDS
